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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what develops in the face at 5 weeks?
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frontal process
medial and lateral nasal processes maxillary process mandibular process stomodeum (mouth primordium) |
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what are important points to know of adult anatomy of nose and mouth?
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ala of nose
columella = what? philtril lines and philtrum cupid's bow of lip vermillion |
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what is vermillion?
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is color! was he referring to lips?
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what the hell is columella?
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central axis of development?
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what's the timing of development of the lips - what develops when?
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4 or 5 weeks = nasal placode
5 weeks = lacrimal groove runs from mouth to eye 5.5 weeks = lacrimal groove becomes buried; eventually cord canalizes and becomes nasolacrimal duct 6 weeks = lips totally formed; nasal pits open |
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what the hell is a placode?
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local thickening of endoderm
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at what point does the primary palate fuse?
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6 weeks
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what structures fuse to form primary palate?
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medial nasal processes
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what the hell are palatine shelves?
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secondary palates
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where do palatine shelves initially form?
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on either side of tongue - is potential source of problem later on
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what's the relationship between tongue development and fusion of palatine shelves?
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as tongue lowers, palatine shelves horizontalize and fuse anterior to posterior
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in adults, what bones make up the hard palate?
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maxillae and palatine bones
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what's considered a minor cleft palate?
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bifid uvula and/or submucosal cleft
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what's considered a major cleft palate?
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no palate
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what's the "zipper" of cleft development refer to?
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development of cleft anteriorly, moving posteriorly
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why is a cleft lip often associated with a cleft palate?
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because of the zipper development of cleft palate, if lip doesn't form, palate can't form because zipper didn't start
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what's the foramen cecum represent, in terms of embryology?
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is remnant of thyroglossal duct
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where does the thyroglossal duct come from?
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is path thyroid gland blazed through head and neck on way to adult location
started in TONGUE! |
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where does the thyroid gland come from embryologically?
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is from invagination of tongue
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what does the pouch of the 1st pharyngeal arch become?
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auditory tubes
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what does the pouch of the 2nd pharyngeal arch become?
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apparently nothing special, just near palatine tonsils
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what does the pouch of the 3rd pharyngeal arch become?
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parathyroid glands and thymus
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what does the pouch of the 4th arch become?
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parathyroid glands and ultimobranchial bodies
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what does the 1st aortic arch become?
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part of maxillary artery
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what are the aortic arches in embryological development?
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are just blood vessels in pharyngeal arches
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what does the 2nd aortic arch become?
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stapedial artery
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what does the 3rd aortic arch become?
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parts of internal carotid artery
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what does the 4th aortic arch become?
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arch of aorta
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what does the 5th aortic arch become?
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pulmonary arteries
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why do surgeons approach neck surgery on the left?
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fear of cutting recurrent laryngeal nerve on right which may still be there from embryological development
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where would CNs XI and XII apper in relation to fistulas?
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inferior and/or posterior because they are not arch derivatives, and therefore are not really around fistulas which come from arch development problems
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fistulas are usually in what structural relation to more caudal arches?
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superior and anterior - caudal refers to things closer to "tail"
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what's the relationship of a 2nd arch fistula to
a. sternocleidomastoid m. b. CN XII c. CN IX or nerve of third arch d. internal carotid = artery of third arch e. palatine tonsils |
a. anterior to sternocleidomastoid
b. superior to CN XII c. superior to CN IX d. anterior to internal carotid e. near palatine tonsils basically all this stuff is below the 2nd arch except for palatine tonsils |
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where would a 3rd arch fistula be in relation to:
a. sternocleidomastoid m. b. CN XII c. CN IX d. CN X or superior laryngeal nerve e. piriform sinus in larynx |
a. anterior to sternocleidomastoid m.
b. superior to CN XII c. INFERIOR to CN IX d. superior to CN X or superior laryngeal nerve e. near piriform sinus in larynx |
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what structure must develop from 3rd arch given relationship to fistulas of 3rd arch?
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piriform sinus, larynx
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what structure must develop from 2nd arch given fistulas from 2nd arch?
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palatine tonsils
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what does the pierre-robin sequence refer to?
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set of malformations that result from tongue not having enough room to drop
symptoms include: 1. small jaw 2. cleft palate |
