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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How many denuge serotypes are they and how are they transmitted?
-where are the vectors breed and live |
4 serotypes, transmitted by aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus mosquito
-breed in clean water, live in tropical/subtropical urban areas |
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What sort of virus causes dengue?
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Flavivirus
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When do aedes feed?
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daytime "nervous feeder" mainly urban disease
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What are the variations in dengue hemorrhagic fever?
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1. normal (mild flu-like)
2. DHF (with 2+ simultaneous serotypes) 3. DSS (shock): if DHF progresses |
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What is the immune enhancement hypothesis as it relates to dengue?
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1. get antibodies during a mild infection,
2. during infection with another serotype, the antibodies react, but don't work and so the immune response is dependent on cell mediate response (macrophages) 3. this results in infection of the macrophages and monomuclear cells which release cytokines, vasoactive substances causing damaging immune response |
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what is the clinical course of dengue hemorrhagic fever?
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1. start with normal mild infection
2. when it resolves, get severe hemorrhagic manifestations resulting in shock and edema |
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What is unique about the dengue rash?
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it fades when you touch it
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what do blood tests show in dengue?
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1. mild thrombocytopenia
2. mild leucopenia 3. eosinophilia 4. moderately increased liver enzymes 5. raised HCT |
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How is dengue diagnosed?
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1. serology: rapid IgG and IgM
2. RT-PCR 3. viral culture |
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What do dengue, malaria and rickettsia all have in common?
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1. decreased WBC, neutrophils
2. decreased platlets 3. increased ALT *dengue has the most abnormal of these counts |
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What virus causes Chikungunya and how is it transmitted?
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-caused by alpha virus
-carried by aegypti and albopictus |
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What is the clinical course oc chikungunya?
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1. incubation 2-3 days (fast) with abrupt onset of fever, arthralgia and rash
2. conjuctival injection and photophobia *lasts for 1 day-1 week with possible residual joint pain for over a year |
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What mosquito carries west nile?
-what animal is the canary in the mines for WNV? |
culex pipiens
-crows |
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How is Rift Valley fever transmitted?
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1. mosquitoes
2. directly from infected animals (meat or milk) *mostly in livestock workers *outbreaks occur when floods happen |
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What is the clinical course of Rift Valley fever?
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1. incubation 2-6 days
2. fever symptoms that usually resolve in about 1 week. 3. complications include retinitis, hepatitis, renal failure, hemorrhagic encephalits and death *travels be careful re: bugs |
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What are health effects of climate change?
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1. direct illness and death (temperature related/extreme weather)
2. air-pollution 3. water and food borne illness and shortage 4. vector borne, rodent borne disease |
