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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What sort of virus is yellow fever?
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Flavivirus, containing 10 distinct proteins
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How is yellow fever transmitted?
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zoonosis, transmitted mosquitos:
-tree hole breeding mosquito (Africa/South America, -urban domestic mosquito (aedes aegypti) |
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What characterizes yellow fever?
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haemorrhagic fever:
-hepatitis -ARF -cardovascular collapse -bleeding: hypovolaemia/hypoxia/acidosis and hyperK+ with vomitting/diarrhea can lead to irreversible shock |
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who does aedes africanus mosquito bite and infect with yellow fever?
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monkeys
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who does aedes bromellae mosquito bite and infect with yellow fever?
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monkeys and people in the forest are intermediate hosts (sylatic pattern)
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who does aedes aegypti mosquito bite and infect with yellow fever?
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urban dwelling folks (urban pattern)
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What is the pathogenesis of yellow fever infection?
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1. replicates in Lymph nodes
2. spreads in blood to lymphocytic rich organs: LIVER (necrosed), smooth muscle, kidney, heart, spleen etc. 4. Councilman bodies in liver (acidophilic hyaline masses in affected cells) 5. torres bodies (intranuclear inclusion) *necrosis of organs: haematologial consequences (DIC, loss of clotting factors, cerebral edema, encephalitis) |
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What are the two types of clinical presentation?
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1. mild non-specific fever
2. classic/severe: infection, calm, intoxicication: MOF, shock, haemorrage *3-6 days incubation period |
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what are the features of classical yellow fever?
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1. 40 degree fever, chills, headache
2. nausea, vomiting, abdo pain 3. myalgia and lower back pain 4. dehydration (furred tongue and foul breath) 5. yellow tint, minor bleeding 6. Fagets sign (pulse falls or stays constant while fever rises) |
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what biochemical changes occur during the recrudescence period?
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1. hypoglycaemia
2. hypotension/oliguria/anuria/ dark urine 3. high urea 4. proteiuria 5. cardia: hyperkinetic, ST segmental changes |
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outcome of recrudescence period:
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1. 50% die in 7-10 days
2. 50% recover and survive |
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How is yellow fever diagnosed?
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1. virus isolates from serum
2. cell cultures, IF 3. ELISA 4. PCR |
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Treatment for yellow fever:
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1. interferon for post exposure prophylaxis
2. prevention: vaccine, vector control, surveillance |
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-What sort of vaccine is for yellow fever?
-S/E of vaccine -legality: |
live vaccine that offers 10 year protection.
-rare hepatic and neurological side effects, flu-like -some countries legally require vaccine to enter |
