Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
44 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
How did natural resources fuel growth |
Coal mines provided fuel to power locomotives and factories. Thick forest provide lumber. Drilled oil was discovered for power and fuel. |
|
|
Who entered the us? Under what conditions? |
Large number of Europeans and Asians. Working for low wages and overcrowding in cities |
|
|
What does capitalism encourage? |
Individuals to rake risk in order to make money.... rags to riches |
|
|
What did the government encourage? How? |
Free enterprise... laissez faire...hands off policies |
|
|
What transforms life? |
Electricity |
|
|
What are patents? |
Things granted to inventors ty o have exclusive rights to an invention |
|
|
What did thomas Edison do? |
Developed the light bulb and plans for central power plants to light the whole city |
|
|
Who no improved on Edison's work? |
George Westinghouse |
|
|
How were communications transformed? |
Samuel Morse perfected the telegram Alexander Graham bell patented the telephone |
|
|
How was steel made? What did the steel make possible? |
Bessemer process.. Built the Brooklyn bridge..longest bridge at this time |
|
|
What did the Bessemer process do? |
Created strong but much lighter material than ironallowed to build skyscrapers, elevators, suspension bridges |
|
|
What linked American markets? |
Railroads |
|
|
What did the railroads do? |
Improved agriculture practices and mass production allowed the US to greatly increase its exports at this time Increased machinizations of both agriculture and factories created fewer jobs for people |
|
|
What did the transcontinental railroad create? And how long and how much time did it take? |
Created time zones Extends coast to coast and took 7 years |
|
|
What business relationship developed? |
Corporations- group combines resources to create a business |
|
|
How did corporations increase profits? |
Through advertising and paying workers extremely low wages |
|
|
Who we're famous leaders of corporations? |
Vanderbilt, JP. Morgan, Andrew Carnegie, john d. Rockefeller |
|
|
What were robber baron? |
When the wealthy felt industrialist we're hurting the us by paying workers so very little |
|
|
What we're captains of industry? |
When the wealthy industrialists we're helping the us by giving the poor jobs |
|
|
Explain social Darwinism |
Applied Darwin's theory to society Used to justify beliefs and conditions govt should do as little as possible to interfere with people's pursuit of success Felt it was wrong to use public funds to assist poor to regulate working conditions Laissez faire economic system |
|
|
What was the icc? |
Interstate commerce commission -oversees railroad operations -meant to stop corruption |
|
|
what was Sherman anti-trust act? |
Was meant to end unfair business practices among corporations Will not have much effect years to come |
|
|
Describe factory work |
Immigrants made up most of the workforce Paid very low wages Families forced to send children to work to survive No govt assistance Strict discipline in the factories |
|
|
Explain the gulf between the rich and the poor? |
9% of the population held 75% of the wealth |
|
|
Many began to favor what? |
Socialism Wealthy Americans we're against socialism |
|
|
Describe the first 2 labor unions? |
Knights of labor -organized all workers into one union.. skilled and unskilled... men and women in one union -wanted equal pay, eight hour day, end to child labor American Federation of Labor -organized only skilled labor in smaller unions Wanted to use strikes and boycotts against employers to improve working conditions |
|
|
How did the employers react to labor unions? |
Feared and hated labor unions Forbade the union meetings and fired union org. |
|
|
What we're the significant strikes of this period? |
RR strike of 1877 bc of 10% cut of wages Pres. Hayes sent I n federal troops Haymarket riot Homestead strike Pullman strike |
|
|
Why we're these strikes important? |
Because they helped get the govt involved in labor relations |
|
|
Where we're the new immigrants from? |
Southern and eastern Europe Shifted from western Europeans mostly Jews and catholics Often unskilled and poor, faced tremendous prejudice |
|
|
Describe immigrant experience |
Long journey Rode in steerage Crowded and dirty |
|
|
How did the immigrants arrival work? |
Europeans went through Ellis island in new York city Asians went to angel island in San Francisco Had to prove healthy and able to work fear of disease and disability would be returned |
|
|
What was known as the melting pot? |
Immigrants we're suppose to become Americanized...settlement houses we're we suppose to help accomplish this..leave old so world ways behind |
|
|
Explain the Chinese exclusion act? |
Limited rights of Chinese immigrants If left us not garenteed entry Refused entry to new Chinese immigrants barred entry to poor and handicap |
|
|
What advantages did the cities offer? |
Factories offered jobs but at very low wages Transportation and social opportunities Immigrant neighborhoods created - Chinatown, little Italy |
|
|
Why we're farmers moving to cities? |
Difficulty making living as a farmer Increase of machines required fewer farmers Driven by hopes of better life |
|
|
What was the impact of technology? |
Skyscrapers, mass transit, suburbs |
|
|
What we're some problems of urbanization? |
Tenements -overcrowded and dirty Jacob ris called attention to problems Poor water and sanitation Increase in crime, fire and conflict |
|
|
What was the gilded age? |
Coined by mark Twain Refers to thin glittering layer that covers up real problems |
|
|
Explain conspicuous consumption |
Advertising becomes huge Pay later- installment plans appear Higher standards of living |
|
|
What becomes huge? |
Newspapers |
|
|
What are Horatio Alger stories? |
Rags to riches - work really hard and you will become rich |
|
|
Explain education of this time |
Grade school education becomes compulsory Meant to americanize immigrant children Segregated in the south |
|
|
Explain entertainment in this time |
Amusement Parks Buffalo bills wild west show Vaudeville Nickelodeons Baseball becomes huge |
