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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is osmosis? |
The movement of water particles across a partially permeable membrane from a region of high water concentration to a region of low water concentration |
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What can and what can't pass through a partially permeable membrane? |
Only tiny molecules can like water but bigger molecules like sucrose cannot |
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What way to water molecules pass through the membrane? And why? |
Both ways because water molecules move about randomly all the time |
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Osmosis is a type of what? |
Diffusion |
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Describe the movement of water in and out of cells |
If the concentration of the water molecules is lower than the tissue fluid, water molecules travel into the cell |
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When you exercise you loose what? |
Water and ions that needs to be replaced |
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What is active transport? |
The movement of particles against a concentration gradient using energy released during respiration |
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Dissolved substances move to where they need to be by ... |
Diffusion and active transport |
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How are exchange surfaces adapted to me inside effectiveness? |
-thin, so short diffusion pathway -large surface area, so lots of substances can diffuse at once -exchange surfaces in animals have lots of blood vessels to get stuff in and out of the blood quickly - gas exchange surfaces in animals are often ventilated too |
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In bigger more complex organisms exchanging materials are more ... |
Difficult |
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What do the alveoli do in the lungs? |
Increase the surface area of the lungs |
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What do the alveoli do in the lungs? |
Increase the surface area of the lungs |
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What is the job of the lungs? |
To transfer oxygen to the blood and to remove waste carbon dioxide from it using alveoli |
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What do the alveoli do in the lungs? |
Increase the surface area of the lungs |
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What is the job of the lungs? |
To transfer oxygen to the blood and to remove waste carbon dioxide from it using alveoli |
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How does oxygen diffuse into the blood from the lungs? |
There is a higher concentration of oxygen in the air than in blood so oxygen diffuses out of the air in the alveoli and into the blood in the capillaries, carbon dioxide diffuses in the opposite direction |
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What do the alveoli do in the lungs? |
Increase the surface area of the lungs |
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What is the job of the lungs? |
To transfer oxygen to the blood and to remove waste carbon dioxide from it using alveoli |
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How does oxygen diffuse into the blood from the lungs? |
There is a higher concentration of oxygen in the air than in blood so oxygen diffuses out of the air in the alveoli and into the blood in the capillaries, carbon dioxide diffuses in the opposite direction |
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How does air enter and leave the alveoli? |
Bronchioles |
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What are 4 adaptations of the alveoli? |
Big surface area Moist liking for dissolvimg gases Thin walls Good blood supply |
