Triassic, Jurassic And Cretaceous Periods

Front 1

Fruit:

Back 1

Where angiosperm seeds are housed.
- provide protection
- often aid in seed dispesal
- mature of ripened ovary

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Jurassic:

Back 2

- 206- 144 Ma
- pangea starts to break apart
- birds
- period after Triassic, before cretaceous, middle of Mesozoic Era within Phanerzoic Eon
- age of reptiles

Front 3

Kertain

Back 3

- fibrous structural proteins.
- Keratin is the key structural material making up the outer layer of human skin, hair and nails.
- Keratin monomers assemble into bundles to form intermediate filaments,
- which are tough and insoluble and form strong unmineralized tissues found in reptiles, birds, amphibians, and mammals.

Front 4

Mezoic:

Back 4

- an era from 251 Ma- 65 Ma, within the Phanerozoic eon
- encompasses the Triassic, Jurassic, cretaceous periods
- Age of the reptiles
- Birds emerge, Pangea start to break up
- Flowering plants

Front 5

Micro/mega sporangium and Micro/mega spore in angiosperms:

Back 5

these gametophytes are very reduced in size, and are contained inside the sporophytes for all or part of their lives

Front 6

Mollusca:

Back 6

- a large phylum of invertebrate animals
- soft
- clams, snails, octopuses
- most are marine
- body plan divided into three regions: visceral mass, head-foot, mouth (radula)
- many covered by a protective shell of calcium carbonate secreted by the mantle
- when did they emerge???

Front 7

Nectar:

Back 7

part of the coevolution of pollinators and angiosperms. Attracks the peferred pollinator to the plant, they get food, plant gets a spread of pollen
- nectar often below reproductive tubes so that pollinator will brush agaist the reproductive parts.

Front 8

Ornithischia:

Back 8

- one of two lineges of dinosaurs that emerged in the Triassic and Jurassic, most abundant in Jurassic and Cretaceous.
- Archosaurs
- “bird hipped”
- mostly herbivores
- large, chunky bodies
- Ex: duck billed , Stegosaurus
- pubis bone points downward and toward the tail (backwards), parallel with the ischium, with a forward-pointing process to support the abdomen. This makes a four-pronged pelvic structure.

Front 9

Ovule in Angisperms:

Back 9

different in angiosperms when arrived 140 MYA, 40 mil years
- still contains female gametophyte ,but is enclosed within an ovary, part of the carpel, this shelters the ovules.
- Whorl 4
- Seed= mature ovule

Front 10

Plesiosaurs:

Back 10

- part of the Lepidosaurs; the second major lineage of diapsids
- marine fish eaters
- long, paddlelike limbs they used like oars

Front 11

Pollen and Pollen tube in angiosperms:

Back 11

- pollen grain: immature, haploid make gametophyte, which constist of three cells (two sperm) plus the third that will make the pollen tube
- walls of pollen very tough and can protect very well

Front 12

Pollination:

Back 12

the beginning of the process by which plants produce seeds, which have the potential to give rise to new individuals.
- when pollen grains make contact with the stigma of the flower
- this can happen by air, water, birds, bats, insects or other agents.
- Leads to fertilization
- Stigma and pollen must be compatible, therefore pollination does not always precede fertilization.

Front 13

Pterosaurs:

Back 13

- now extinct, flying predators of the Jurassic and Cretaceous.
- Smallest were sparrowsized, largest wing spans of 11 m.
- In the first major lineage of diapsids Archosauromorpha

Front 14

Ray-finned fishes:

Back 14

class of fish called Actinopterygii
- possess lepidotrichia or "fin rays", their fins being webs of skin supported by bony or horny spines ("rays")
- attach to pectoral and pelvic girdles

Front 15

Saurischia:

Back 15

- one of the 2 lineages of dinosaurs
- includes bipedal carnivores and Quadra pedal herbivores
- one group the seinonychsaurs are ancestral to birds
- saurischian pubis points downward and toward the head (forwards),
- archosaurs

Front 16

Sauropods:

Back 16

- infraorder of saurischian ("lizard-hipped") dinosaurs.
- They are notable for the enormous sizes attained by some species,
- group includes the largest animals to have ever lived on land.
- Well-known genera include Brachiosaurus, Diplodocus, and Apatosaurus
- Sauropods first appeared in the late Triassic Period

Front 17

Stamen:

Back 17

- inside the petals of angiosperms
- whorl 3
- male gametophytes form here
- consists of a slender filament capped by a bilobed anther

Front 18

Synapsids:

Back 18

- a group of small predators, were the first offshoot from ancestral amniotes
- with, connection
- one temporal arch of the skull
- emerged in late Permian
- living descendants= mammals

Front 19

temporal fenestra:

Back 19

- anatomical features of the skulls of several types of amniotes
- characterised by bilaterally symmetrical holes (fenestrae) in the temporal bone.
- Dividing synasids, diapsids, and anapsids

Front 20

theropods:

Back 20

- suborder of bipedal saurischian dinosaurs
- clade consisting of that suborder and its descendants (including modern birds).
- Dinosaurs belonging to the suborder theropoda were primarily carnivorous, although a number of theropod groups evolved herbivory, omnivory, and insectivory.
- first appeared during Triassic period (Ma) and included the sole large terrestrial carnivores from the Early Jurassic until at least the close of the Cretaceous,

Front 21

Vertebrate:

Back 21

subphylm verbrata of the phylum chordata
- arose from cephalochordate like ancester. Emergence of a neural crest, bone and other vertebrate traits.
- Early Cambrian
- Cranium, vertebrae, bone, neural crest cells
- Important biological event in the evolution of vertebrate were: mobility and jaws, effective aerobic metabolism