Triangles Of The Neck

Front 1

what fascia encloses the vertebral column and associated with muscles

Back 1

prevertebral fascia

Front 2

what fascia encloses the visceral compartment?

Back 2

pretracheal fascia

Front 3

what fascia encloses the vascular compartment?

Back 3

carotid sheaths

Front 4

The Cricoid Cartilage is located at what vertebral level?

Back 4

Cv 6

Front 5

SCM muscle has what action when contracting unilaterally

Back 5

rotate the face toward the contralateral side

Front 6

SCM muscle has what action when contracting bilaterally

Back 6

draws head forward and the chin up

Front 7

SCM is innervated by

Back 7

accessory nerve (CN XI)

proprioceptive fibers from anterior rami of C2

Front 8

The roof of the posterior cervical triangle is formed by

Back 8

investing layer of deep cervical fascia

Front 9

The floor of the posterior cervical triangle is formed by

Back 9

prevertebral fascia and subjacent muscles

Front 10

the posterior cervical triangle is subdivided by the

Back 10

inferior belly of the omohyoid muscle

Front 11

inferior belly of the omohyoid muscle divides the posterior cervical trangle into

Back 11

occipital triangle and supraclavicular (subclavian) triangle

Front 12

muscles in the floor of the posterior triangle

Back 12

splenius capitis
levator scapulae
posterior scalene
middle scalene
anterior scalene

Front 13

platysma develops from

Back 13

second pharyngeal arch of the embryo

Front 14

Platysma is innervated by

Back 14

facial nerve (CN VII)
(innervated muscles from the 2nd pharyngeal arch)

Front 15

Platysma crosses the posterior and anterior cervical triangles within

Back 15

superficial fascia

Front 16

Deep to the platysma what else is found in the superficial fascia

Back 16

external jugular vein
cutaneous branches of the cervical plexus

Front 17

external jugular vein is formed by the union of

Back 17

posterior branch of the retromandibular vein and posterior auricular vein

Front 18

external jugular vein pierces the investing layer of deep cervical fascia to enter the

Back 18

subclavian vein

Front 19

if the external jugular vein is cut where it pierces the investing layer of fascia,what can happen?

Back 19

venous air embolism
may obstruct blood flow through the heart

Front 20

Cutaneous nerves of the posterior cervical triangle emerge?

Back 20

near the middle of the posterior border of the SCM

Front 21

Cervical plexus of nerves is formed by

Back 21

anterior rami of spinal nerves C1-C4

Front 22

Nerve Root of Lesser Occipital nerve

Back 22

C2

Front 23

Nerve Root Great Auricular

Back 23

C2-C3

Front 24

Nerve Root of Transverse Cervical

Back 24

C2-C3

Front 25

Nerve Root of Supraclavicular nerve

Back 25

C3-C4

Front 26

Spinal accessory Nerve (CN XI) innervates

Back 26

trapezius and SCM

Front 27

Injury to Spinal accessory Nerve (CN XI) would result in

Back 27

inability to shrug shoulder and difficulty abducting the arm above the horizontal plane

Front 28

Subclavian Vein is the continuation of the

Back 28

Axillary Vein
(at the lateral border of the 1st rib)

Front 29

Subclavian vein passes anterior to the

Back 29

Anterior Scalene Muscle

Front 30

Subclavian vein joins _____ to form the brachiocephalic vein

Back 30

internal jugular vein

Front 31

Subclavian vein receives what vein as a tributary

Back 31

external jugular vein

Front 32

3rd part of the subclavian artery can be compressed against the 1st rib to

Back 32

control bleeding from the upper extremity
(in supraclavicular triangle)

Front 33

transverse cervical and suprascapular arteries are branches of

Back 33

thyrocervical trunk

Front 34

Thyrocervical trunk is a branch off of the

Back 34

1st part of the subclavian artery

Front 35

transverse cervical artery may divide into

Back 35

superficial and deep branches

Front 36

if only the superficial part of the transverse cervical artery is present what happends

Back 36

a dorsal scapular artery then branches from the 3rd part of the subclavian artery

Front 37

Roots of the brachial plexus emerges withe the subclavian artery into what triangle?

Back 37

interscalene triangle

Front 38

Interscalene triangle is formed by

Back 38

anterior and middle scalene muscles and the 1st rib

Front 39

phrenic nerve descends along the anterior surface of the

Back 39

anterior scalene muscle

Front 40

nerve roots of suprascapular nerve

Back 40

C5-C6

Front 41

dorsal scapular nerve pierces

Back 41

the middle scalene muscle

Front 42

Anterior Cervical Triangle is bounded by the

Back 42

- Anterior border of hte sternocleidomastoid muscle
- Midline of the neck
- Inferior border of the Mandible
- Manubrium of the sternum

Front 43

What triangle?
bounded by the digastric muscle and the mandible

Back 43

Submandibular Triangle

Front 44

What triangle?
Above the hyoid bone between the anterior belly of the digastric muscle and midline of the neck

Back 44

Submental Triangle

Front 45

What triangle?
bounded by the posterior digastric, superior belly of the omohyoid and the sternocleidomastoid

Back 45

Carotid Triangle

Front 46

What triangle?
defined by the midline of the neck, superior belly of the omohyoid, and the sternocleidomastoid

Back 46

Muscular Triangle

Front 47

Structures in superficial fascia over the anterior triangle of the neck include the:

Back 47

1. Platysma Muscle
2. Anterior Jugular Veins
(jugular venous arch)
3. Transverse Cervical Nerves

Front 48

Each anterior jugular drains into

Back 48

an External Jugular Vein

Front 49

Superfical layer of infrahyold Muscle

Back 49

Sternohyoid
Omohyoid

Front 50

Deep layer of the infrahyold muscle

Back 50

Sternothyroid
Thyrohyoid

Front 51

Which infrahyold muscle isnt innervated by the ansa cervicalis

Back 51

thyrohyoid

Front 52

nerve roots of the ansa cervicalis

Back 52

Anterior rami of C1-3

Front 53

Isthmus crosses tracheal rings

Back 53

2-4

Front 54

Thyroid gland arteriol supply

Back 54

superior thyroid arteries
inferior thyroid arteries
thyroid ima arter

Front 55

Superior Thyroid arteries branch from

Back 55

external carotid

Front 56

Inferior Thyroid Arteries branch from

Back 56

thyrocervical trunk

Front 57

what muscle prevents upward expansion of an enlarging thyroid gland

Back 57

sternothyroid muscle

Front 58

blood supply of the parathyroid gland

Back 58

inferior thyroid arteries

Front 59

Carotid triangle is bounded by

Back 59

1. superior belly of omohyoid
2. Posterior Belly of the digastric
3. Anterior Border of the SCM

Front 60

Major contents of the carotid triangle

Back 60

- Cervical branch of CN VII
- Common Carotid Artery(and the divisions and branches of external carotid)
- Internal Jugular Vein
- Vagus Nerve (CN X)
- Accessory Nerve (CN XI)
- Hypoglossal Nerve (CN XII)
- Superior and Inferior roots of the ansa cervicalis

Front 61

Right common carotid artery arises from

Back 61

brachiocephalic trunk

Front 62

Left Common Carotid Artery Arises from

Back 62

arch of aorta

Front 63

What is contained in the carotid sheaths?

Back 63

Common carotid
Internal Jugular
Vagus Nerve

Front 64

May be compressed against the large anterior tubercle of vertebra _______ to help control bleeding from branches of the carotid artery

Back 64

Vertebra Cv6 (carotid tubercle)

Front 65

Carotid Sinus detects

Back 65

blood pressure receptor

Front 66

Carotid Body detects

Back 66

chemoreceptor for blood gases

Front 67

Branches of the external carotid arteries that are present in the carotid triangle

Back 67

Superior thyroid artery
lingual artery
facial artery
ascending pharyngeal artery
Occipital artery

Front 68

Branches of the external carotid arteries that are NOT present in the carotid triangle

Back 68

Posterior auricular artery
Superficial Temporal Artery
Maxillary Artery

Front 69

the internal jugular vein is the continuation of

Back 69

sigmoid sinus

Front 70

what lymph nodes drain all the lymph from the head and neck

Back 70

deep cervical lymph nodes

Front 71

what innervated the muscles of the laynx, pharynx and soft palate?

Back 71

Vagus Nerves (CN X)

Front 72

Nerves in the anterior triangle

Back 72

vagus nerve
ansa cervicalis
hypoglossal nerve

Front 73

The submandibular triangle is bounded by

Back 73

- inferior border of the mandible
- Anterior and Posterior bellies of the digastric muscle

Front 74

What is anterior to the anterior scalene?

Back 74

Phrenic Nerve
Transverse Cervical Artery
Suprascapular Artery
Subclavian Vein
Ascending Cervical Artery

Front 75

What is posterior to the anterior scalene?

Back 75

Subclavian Artery
Root of the Brachial Plexus

Front 76

During a tracheotomy (tracheostomy), midline structures present potential hazards, including the

Back 76

- Anterior Jugular Vein (or large communicating Vein from the facial vein)
- Jugular Venous Arch
- Isthmus
- Inferior Thyroid Vein
- Thyroid Ima Artery

Front 77

the recurrent laryngeal nerve is in the

Back 77

tracheoesophageal groove

Front 78

The thoracic duct ends in or near the junction of the

Back 78

Left internal jugular and subclavian veins
(Left Venous Angle)

Front 79

The right recurrent laryngeal nerve recurs around the

Back 79

Right subclavian artery

Front 80

On the right side of the root of the neck, the right lymphatic duct is formed by the union of the

Back 80

Right Jugular, Subclavian and perhaps bronchomediastinal lymphaphatic trunks
(drains into the right venous angle)

Front 81

Stylohyoid is innervated by?

Back 81

facial nerve

Front 82

anterior belly of digastric is innervated by?

Back 82

Mylohoid Nerve from inferior alveolar branch of mandibular nerve (V3)

Front 83

Posterior belly of digastric is innervated by?

Back 83

Facial Nerve

Front 84

Mylohyoid is innervated by?

Back 84

Mylohoid Nerve from inferior alveolar branch of mandibular nerve (V3)

Front 85

geniohyoid is innervated by?

Back 85

anterior rami of C1 (carried along the hypoglossal nerve)

Front 86

Sternohyoid innervated by

Back 86

anasa cervicalis

Front 87

Omohyoid is innervated by

Back 87

ansa cervicalis

Front 88

Sternothroid is innervated by

Back 88

ansa cervicalis

Front 89

Thyrohyoid is innervated by

Back 89

anterior rami of C1 (carried along hypoglossal nerve)

Front 90

what nerve innervated the cricothyroid muscle?

Back 90

External laryngeal nerve

Front 91

the external laryngeal nerve descends with what artery?

Back 91

Superior Thyroid Artery

Front 92

what nerve pierces the thyroid membrane between the thyroid cartilage and hyoid bone

Back 92

internal laryngeal nerve

Front 93

Internal laryngeal nerve runs with what artery?

Back 93

superior laryngeal artery