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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Classic Angina
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-Occlusion of coronary arteries resulting from the formation of athersclerotic plaques
-Most common form of angina -Symptoms occur during exertion/stress -High Cholesterol= #1 Risk Factor |
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Variant Angina
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-Spontaneous vasoconstriction of coronary arteries
-Likely genetic in origin -Symptoms occur at rest |
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Stable Angina
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Partial occlusion of coronary artery
Symptoms only during exertion |
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Unstable Angina
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Partial occlusion of coronary artery w/ sudden, intermittent vasoconstriction.
-Symptoms increase in frequency and begin to occur at rest |
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Normal Lipid Metabolism
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1-Chylomicrons transport cholesterol and triglycerides
2-Lipoprotein Lipase cleaves triglycerides from chylomicrons leaving cholesterol in liver 3-Liver packs cholesterol and triglycerides together as VLDL 4-Lipoprotein Lipase breaks down VLDL releasing triglycerides. Produces IDL which is taken up by liver or converted to LDL. 5-LDL delivers cholesterol to cells by binding to LDL receptor on cells 6-HDL is synthesized in the liver. Stimulates lipoprotein lipase and acquires cholesterol from other sites and returns it to the liver to be excreted |
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Hypertriglyceridemia
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Increased VLDL
-Some risk for coronary heart disease |
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Hypercholesterolemia
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Increased LDL
-HIgh risk for coronary heart disease |
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Tx of Hyperlipidemia
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1. Decrease the amount of lipid entering the blood (Diet)
2. Improve the clearance of lipid from the blood -VLDL-->Lipoprotein Lipase -LDL-->LDL Receptors |
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Drugs used for tx of hypertriglyceridemia
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Niacin
Fibric Acid Derivatives |
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Drugs used for Tx of hypercholesterolemia
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Bile-acid binding resins
Statins Exetimibe Combo Therapy |
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Niacin
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Used to treat hypertriglyceridemia
-Inhibits VLDL synthesis in liver -Stimulates lipoprotein lipase acitivity (breakdown of VLDL) -Increases HLD levels -Net decrease in LDL |
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Fibric Acid Derivatives
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-Used to treat hypertriglyceridemia
-Inhibits VLDL synthesis in liver -Stimulates breakdown of VLDL by lipoprotein lipase -No change in LDL levels |
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Bile-Acid Binding Resins
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Colestipol
-Used to treat hypercholesterolemia -Reduces LDL levels -Prevents bile acid reabsorption -Greater conversion of cholesterol to bile acids and lower liver cholesterol levels -Lower cholesterol levels stimulate up-regulation of LDL receptors which increases LDL uptake from blood |
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Statins
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Atorvastatin (Lipitor)
-Used to treat hypercholesterolemia -HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitor -Inhibits cholesterol synthesis in liver-->upregulation of LDL receptors, results in increased removal of LDL from blood. --Side Effects-- Usually safe with mild GI effects Low incidence of liver toxicitiy Low incidence of rhabdomyolysis |
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Ezetimibe
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Zetia
-Used to treat hypercholesterolemia -Inhibits intestinal cholesterol absorption 1.Reduces dietary cholesterol absorption 2.Reduces re-absorption of cholesterol secreted in bile **May induce rhabdomolysis by itself or increase risk for statin-induced rhabdomyolysis |
