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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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MOST COMMON CAUSE OF DEMENTIA IS _ FOLLOWED BY _ AND _
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ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
VASCULAR DEMENTIA LEWY BODY DEMENTIA |
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2 FORMS OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
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FAMILIAL
LATE ONSET |
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_ AND _ ARE PATHOLOGICAL HALLMARKS OF ALZHEIMERS DEMENTIA
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NEURITIC PLAUES
NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES |
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NAME 2 CLASSES OF DRUGS THAT ARE USED IN TREATMENT OF ALZHEIMERS DEMENTIA
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ANTI-CHOLINESTERASE INHIBITORS
NMDA ANTAGONISTS |
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WHICH PROTEIN IS MUTATED IN AD AND ON WHAT CHROMOSOME
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APP (AMYLOID PRECURSOR PROTEIN) ON CHROMOSOME 21
PRESENILIN 1 AND 2 (PROCESSING APP) |
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AD RISK FACTORS
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AGE
DOWNS SYNDROME APOLIPOPROTEIN ALLELES MUTATION OF APP ON CHROMOSOME 21 AND PRESENILIN PROTEINS |
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WHAT IS THE EARLIER INDICATOR OF DEMENTIAL - BETA AMYLOID PLAQUE OR NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES
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BETA AMYLOID PLAQUE
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DESCRIBE FORMATION OF BETA AMYLOID PLAQUE
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NORMALLY BETA AND GAMMA SECRETASE CLEAVE APP AND MAKE BETA AMYLOID - 40 AA SEQUENCE THAT IS SOLUBLE
IN ALZHEIMERS ITS A 42-43 AA SEQUENCE THAT IS INSOLUBLE AND IT ACCUMULATES |
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WHICH PRO INFLAMMATORY CYTOKINE IS HALLMARK OF AD
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TNF ALPHA
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DESCRIBE SIGNIFICANCE OF TAU PROTEIN IN AD
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TAU PROTEIN IS ESSENTIAL FOR CONSTRUCTION OF MICROTUBULES WHICH ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR INTERNEURON COMMUNICATION, WITHOUT IT THEY WILL FORM NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES - HAPPENS IN AD
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WHICH NT IS MISSING IN AD
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ACH
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_ PROTEINS ARE KNOW TO CAUSE MOST SEVERE FORM OF FAMILIAL AD
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PRESINILIN 1 AND 2
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NAME ALL DRUGS USED IN MANAGEMENT OF AD
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ANTI CHOLINESTERASE INHIBITORS
NMDA ANTAGONISTS VITAMIN E (ANTI OXIDANTS) ESTROGEN ANTI INFLAMMATORY DRUGS |
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WHAT ARE THE MAJOR CHOLINERGIC CHANGES IN AD
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DEPLETION OF ACH
LESS CHAT ACTIVITY DEPLETION OF CHOLINERGIC NEURONS (MUSCARINIC AND NICOTINIC) |
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FIRST AD DRUG TACRINE IS NOT USED ANY MORE - WHY?
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LIVER TOXICITY + SHORT T1/2
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WHICH MEDICATIONS ARE USED TO ENHANCE COGNITIVE FUNCTION
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CHOLINESTERASE INHIBITORS:
TACRINE DONEPEZIL RIVASTIGMINE GALANTAMINE |
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NAME NMDA ANTAGONIST THAT IS ALSO USED FOR TREATMENT OF SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE AND STROKES
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MEMANTINE
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_ ARE INDICATED FOR TREATMENT OF MILD TO MODERATE AD
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CHOLINESTERASE INHIBITORS
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NAME CHOLINESTERASE INHIBITOR WITH SPECIFICITY FOR INHIBITING ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE AS COMPARED TO BUTYLCHOLINESTERASE
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DONEPEZIL
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DONEPEZIL CONCENTRATION CAN BE INCREASED IF CO-ADMINISTERED WITH _
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CIMETIDINE OR KETOKONAZOLE - P450 INHIBITORS
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WHAT IS THE FOOD RESTRICTION FOR PEOPLE TAKING DONEPEZIL
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GRAPEFRUIT JUICE (CYTOCHROME P450 INHIBITOR)
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DRUGS WITH ANTI-CHOLINERGIC PROPERTIES SUCH AS _ COUNTERACT THE EFFECTS OF DONEPEZIL AND SHOULD BE AVOIDED DURING THERAPY WITH DONEPEZIL
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ATROPINE
BENZTROPINE TRIHEXYPHENIDYL |
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NAME DRUG THAT HAS CENTRAL ACTIVITY IN BOTH ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE AND BUTYLCHOLINESTERASE
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RIVASTIGMINE
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TOLERABILITY AND ABSORPTION ARE IMPROVED WHEN RIVASTIGMINE IS GIVEN _
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WITH FOOD
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IS THERE A POTENTIAL FOR DRUG DRUG INTERACTIONS WITH RIVASTIGMINE
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NOT MUCH - LOW PROTEIN BINDING AND IS NOT METABOLIZED BY P450
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_ SIDE EFFECTS ARE MOST COMMON WITH RIVASTIGMINE
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CHOLINERGIC
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WHICH AD DRUG CAUSES NAUSEA, VOMITTING, DIARRHEA, MUSCLE CRAMPS AND RHINITIS
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DONEPEZIL
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WHICH DRUG CAUSES NAUSEA, VOMITTING, DIARRHEA AND WEIGHT LOSS
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RIVASTIGMINE
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WHICH DRUG IS APPROVED FOR TREATMENT OF MODERATE TO SEVERE AD
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MEMANTINE
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MECHANISM OF ACTION FOR MEMANTINE?
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NMDA ANTAGONIST
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WHICH AD DRUG CAUSES MUSCLE CRAMPS AND RHINITIS
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DONEZEPIL
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WHICH AD DRUG CAUSES WEIGHT LOSS
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RIVASTIGMINE
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WHICH AD DRUG CAUSES VERTIGO
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GALANTAMINE
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WHICH AD DRUG CAUSES VERTIGO AND CONFUSION
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MEMANTINE
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