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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what is a declension?
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it is a noun family
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what does it mean to decline a noun?
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You decline a noun when you change the endings to indicate how the noun is used in a sentence.
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In a noun what is the base?
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the part of a noun that remains unchanged when it is declined
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In nouns, what are the endings?
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the parts added to the base to indicate how a noun functions in a sentence.
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What do the endings show?
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they show the number, gender, and case (part of speech) of a noun
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what part of speech is the nominative case
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It is the subject noun
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predicate noun
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comes after a linking verb and is equal to the subject. It is in the nominative case
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predicate adjective
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It is also after a linking verb and describes the subject. It is in the nominative case
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what part of speech is the accusative case
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It is the direct object of the verb
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In Latin, where is the verb often found?
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Last in the sentence
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more than one adjective for a noun
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is often separated with et, or is placed before and after the noun, sandwiching it.
e.g. Multa oppida parva OR multa et parva oppida |
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appositives
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Appositives are nouns that are restating another noun, for example, the king, Priam, was angry. Priam is an appositive of the king and immediately follows it. Appositives are always in the same case as its noun it agrees with.
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which cases are the objects of prepositions?
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both the accusative and ablative cases
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which case shows the extent of time
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accusative
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genitive case is translated
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of the ________________
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dative case most often is ________________ (POS)
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an indirect object
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possession may be expressed with the dative and_________________
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esse
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Ablative forms that do not use a prep
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ablative of means/instrument
ablative of manner ablative of separation ablative of time "at which" ablative of proper place "from which" |
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ablative of means or instrument
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does not use cum
answers "with which?" did something happen or by means of what? |
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ablative of manner
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expresses the attitude with which something was accomplished
GratiA orAmus "we pray with gratitude" does not use prep |
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ablative of separation
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expresses that someone or thing is separated from another
does not use prep The fields are lacking grain "AgrI frUmentIs carent." |
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ablative of place from which does not use a preposition when
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using proper nouns. It answers the question "from which"
AenEAs TrOiA vEnit Aeneas came from Troy |
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ablative of time at which
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does not use the preposition
denotes the time at which something occured |
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what prepositions take the ablative?
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a/ab
cum de e/ex in pro sine sub |
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what adjectives may take the ablative?
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dignus and indignus
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3rd declension masculine hint
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er, or
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3rd declension feminine hint
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s,o,x
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3rd declension neuter hint
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L, A, N, C, E, T
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what is special about 3rd declension i-stems
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they have an i in the genitive plural before the ending,
-ium |
