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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Describe the difference between a closed head injury and a penetrating head injury
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Closed head: brain hits the inside of the skull, such as hitting the windshield during a car accident
Or through external trauma such as whiplash. Penetrating Head Injury: Penetrates the skull e.g. a bullet shoots you the fucking brain |
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What is the difference between a concussion and a contusion.
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While a concussion is usually reversible traumatic paralysis of nervous function, has no structural damage, is immediate it is far less severe than a contusion, which causes bruising which can lead to loss of function.
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What is, and are the types, of Hematomas
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Collection of blood in one or more locations of the brain.
epidural hematoma is between the skull and the covering of the brain subdural hematoma is between the membrane covering the brain itself |
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What can Concussions and Whiplash mechanics can result in? Which is fatal?
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Diffuse Brain Injury and Diffuse Axonal Injury.
DAXI and Diffuse hypoxic/anoxic/ischemic injury and diffuse swelling are non fatal while Diffuse vascular injury will kill you. |
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What are the different types of damage that can occur in the brain, and describe each.
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Bruising (bleeding): blood vessel tear when brain is injuring, blood pools and pressed on sensitive tissue, killing it and causing critical parts of the brain to stop functioning.
Tearing: microscopic tears, unobservable with a CT or MRI Swelling- Body recognizes brain injury, but pressure builds and can cause damage, causing critical areas to stop functioning. Destruction of tissue, such as when one is shot in the fucking brain |
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How are skull fractures used in diagnosis?
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Give a rough measure of impact sustained, but blows can cause damage without fractures.
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What are the common sites of cerebral contusions?
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frontal and temporal lobe
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Explain the types of Coup-Contrecoup Injuries.
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Bruising beneath the point of impact (coup lesion)
more extensive lacerations and contusion on the side opposite the site of impact (contre-coup lesion) Relative sparing of the occipital lobes in coup-contrecoup injury |
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What are majority of 24hr or more post head injury coma patients found with?
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intracerebral hematomas
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What is the difference between Tangential and Penetrating injuries.
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Tangential injuries: scalp lacerations, depressed skull fractures, and meningeal and cerebral lacerations
Penetrating Injuries- in-driven metal particles, hair, skin, and bone fragments. |
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What is a through-and-through wound
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entry and exit, like a bullet being shot through your fucking brain. 80% die at once or in minutes.
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What part of the brain, when penetrated, will cause death and why?
What if those parts are missed, what must you be considered about then? |
If brain is penetrated at the lower levels of the brainstem, you will die from respiratory and cardiac arrest.
If vital centers are untouched, the immediate problem is intracranial bleeding and rising intracranial pressure. |
