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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
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Reactive Attachment Disorder |
The first indications of RAD or DSED are a child’s abnormal social interactions. The child may avoid initiating social interaction or responding to social stimuli even from family members and other intimates Symptoms of Reactive (RAD): Failure to develop normally Poor hygiene Underdevelopment of motor coordination and a pattern of muscular hypertonicity Bewildered, unfocused, and under-stimulated appearance Blank expression, with eyes lacking the usual luster and joy Fails to respond appropriately to interpersonal exchanges |
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Disinhibited Social Engagement Disorder |
A. A pattern of behavior in which a child actively approaches and interacts with unfamiliar adults and exhibits at least two of the following: Reduced or absent reticence in approaching and interacting with unfamiliar adults. Overly familiar verbal or physical behavior (that is not consistent with culturally sanctioned and with age-appropriate social boundaries). Diminished or absent checking back with adult caregiver after venturing away, even in unfamiliar settings. Willingness to go off with an unfamiliar adult with minimal or no hesitation. B. The behaviors in Criterion A are not limited to impulsivity (as in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder) but include socially disinhibited behavior. C. The child has experienced a pattern of extremes of insufficient care as evidenced by at least one of the following: Social neglect or deprivation in the form of persistent lack of having basic emotional needs for comfort, stimulation, and affection met by caregiving adults. Repeated changes of primary caregivers that limit opportunities to form stable attachments (e.g., frequent changes in foster care). Rearing in unusual settings that severely limit opportunities to form selective attachments (e.g., institutions with high child-to-caregiver ratios). D. The care in Criterion C is presumed to be responsible for the disturbed behavior in Criterion A (e.g., the disturbances in Criterion A began following the pathogenic care in Criterion C). E. The child has a developmental age of at least 9 months |
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Posttraumatic Stress Disorder |
The first DSM criterion has 4 components, as follows: Directly experiencing the traumatic event(s)Witnessing, in person, the event(s) as it occurred to others Learning that the traumatic event(s) occurred to a close family member or friend Experiencing repeated or extreme exposure to aversive details of the traumatic event(s); this does not apply to exposure through media such as television, movies, or pictures |
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Posttraumatic Stress Disorder |
The second criterion involves the persistent re-experiencing of the event in 1 of several ways: Thoughts or perception Images Dreams Illusions or hallucinations Dissociative flashback episodes Intense psychological distress or reactivity to cues that symbolize some aspect of the event |
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Posttraumatic Stress Disorder |
The third criterion involves avoidance of stimuli that are associated with the trauma and numbing of general responsiveness, as determined by the presence of 1 or both of the following: Avoidance of thoughts, feelings, or conversations associated with the event Avoidance of people, places, or activities that may trigger recollections of the event |
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Posttraumatic Stress Disorder |
The fourth criterion is 2 or more of the following symptoms of negative alterations in cognition and mood associated with the traumatic event(s): Inability to remember an important aspect of the event(s) Persistent and exaggerated negative beliefs about oneself, others, or the world Persistent, distorted cognitions about the cause or consequences of the event(s)Persistent negative emotional state Markedly diminished interest or participation in significant activities Feelings of detachment or estrangement from others Persistent inability to experience positive emotions |
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Posttraumatic Stress Disorder |
The fifth criterion is marked alterations in arousal and reactivity, as evidenced by 2 or more of the following: Irritable behavior and angry outbursts Reckless or self-destructive behavior Hypervigilance Exaggerated startle response Concentration problems Sleep disturbance |
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Acute Stress Disorder |
A. Exposure to actual or threatened death, serious injury, or sexual violation in 1 (or more) of the following ways: 1. Directly experiencing the traumatic event(s) 2. Witnessing, in person, the event(s) as it occurred to others 3. Learning that the event(s) occurred to a close family member or close friend 4. Experiencing repeated or extreme exposure to aversive details of the traumatic event(s), (e.g., first responders collecting human remains, police officers repeatedly exposed to details of child abuse) B. Presence of 9 (or more) of the following sxs, from any of the 5 categories (intrusion, negative mood, dissociation, avoidance, & arousal) beginning or worsening after the traumatic event(s) occurred |
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Acute Stress Disorder |
Intrusion Sx: 1. Recurrent memories 2. Recurrent dreams 3. Dissociative reactions (flashbacks) 4. Intense or prolonged psychological distress or marked physiological reactions Dissociative Sx: 5. Altered sense of reality of self or surroundings 6. Inability to remember aspect of trauma Negative Mood Sx: 7. Inability to experience positive emotions |
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Acute Stress Disorder |
Avoidance Sx 8/9. Efforts to avoid distressing memories, thoughts, feelings, external reminders that cause distress (people, places, activities, objects) Arousal Sx: 10. Sleep disturbance 11. Irritable bx/angry outbursts 12. Hypervigilance 13. Problems with concentration 14. Exaggerated startle response |
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Adjustment Disorders |
Criterion A. Emotion/behavioral Sx to event occurred w/in 3 mos of SxCriteria B. 1+ of: 1) Marked distress disproport. to stressor and cultural factors 2) Sign. impairment in work, social and other functions Criteria C: doesn't meet criteria for other Dx and NOT an exacerbation of existing Dx D: Not normal bereavement Criteria E: After stressor or consequences, Sx disappear w/in 6 mos. |
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Adjustment Disorders |
Specify W/depressed mood W/ anxietyW/ mixed anxiety and depressed mood W/ conduct disturbance if this is predominant W/ mixed disturb. of conduct/emotions W/ unspecified - if not classifiable |
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Adjustment Disorders |
Dx Features Sx related to a specific event Single or multiple stressors Recurrent or continuous Single person, family, or larger group Can be Dx after a death if Sx are greater and longer than normal, taking culture into acct. However, other Sx are complex bereavement |
