Transportation In Cells

Front 1

Passive Transport

Back 1

Cell uses not energy to move materials into or out of cell.
Substances move from high to low concentration. Moving with the concentration gradient.

Front 2

Diffusion

Back 2

The movement of molecules from an area of high to low concentration, due to random movement of molecules (Brownian Movement)

Front 3

Temperature- one of three factors that affects the rate of diffusion

Back 3

As temp. increases, molecules move faster and therefore will diffuse faster.

Front 4

Pressure- one of three factors that affects the rate of diffusion

Back 4

Increasing pressure forces molecules to diffuse at a faster rate

Front 5

Concentration- one of three factors that affects the rate of diffusion

Back 5

The higher the concentration, the faster the molecules will diffuse

Front 6

Osmosis

Back 6

The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of high to an area of low concentration.

Front 7

Hypotonic Solution- one type of osmosis

Back 7

Hypo means less. Has less solute but more water than the cells, so the water will diffuse in to the cells, causing it to swell

Front 8

Hypertonic Solution- one type of osmosis

Back 8

Hyper means more, Has more solute but less water than the cells, so the water wll diffuse out of the cell, causing the cell to shrink

Front 9

Isotonic Solution- one type of osmosis

Back 9

Iso means same, Has the same amount of solute and water as the cell, so there is not net movement of water, water moves in and out at same rate

Front 10

Facilitated Diffusion

Back 10

Molecules of substances like amino acids and sugars pass through carrier proteins from high to low concentration

Front 11

Active Transport

Back 11

Moves molecules across the plasma membrane from low to high concentration. Move against concentration gradient, energy is required from the cell

Front 12

Sodium-Potassium Pump- What is it?

Back 12

Ions of potassium, low conc outside the cell transported in, ions of sodium, lower conc inside cell transported out, actively with carrier proteins

Front 13

Sodium-Potassium Pump- Rate of transport

Back 13

For every 3 sodium ions transported out, there are 2 potassium ions transported in

Front 14

Endocytosis

Back 14

The Active Transport of bulk material into the cell

Front 15

Phagocytosis

Back 15

Known as cellular eating, it is the engulfing of a food particle

Front 16

Pinocytosis

Back 16

Known as cellular drinking. Small indentions are made in the cell membrane, these indentions fll with extracellular material, taken into the cell

Front 17

Exocytosis

Back 17

The bulk transport of material out of the cell

Front 18

Excretion

Back 18

The release of waste material from a cell

Front 19

Secretion

Back 19

The release of substance from a cell like saliva

Front 20

Concentration Gradient

Back 20

Difference in the concentration of a substance across a space

Front 21

Equilibrium

Back 21

Concentration of a substance is equal throughout a space

Front 22

Ion Channel

Back 22

Transport protein through which ions can pass

Front 23

Carrier Proteins

Back 23

Protein used to transport specific substances

Front 24

Receptor Protein

Back 24

Binds to a signal molecule, enabling thge cell to respond to the signal molecule

Front 25

Second Messenger

Back 25

Acts as a signal molecule in the cytoplasm

Front 26

Turgor Pressure

Back 26

This is an increase in pressure in the cell, vacuole gets bigger

Front 27

Plasmolysis

Back 27

This is a decrease in pressure in the cell, vacuoles gets smaller