Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
46 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Transport mechanism
|
pushing and pulling disprese water through plants
|
|
|
Types of movement of water?
|
1. short distance
2. long distance |
|
|
Water potential is remembered?
|
osmosis
|
|
|
What are aquaporins?
|
water channels that exist in vacuole and cell membranes.
|
|
|
Water and mineral absorption?
|
Most absorbed through root hairs.
|
|
|
What is mycorrhizae?
|
increase surface area.
|
|
|
3 transport routes through cells?
|
1. apoplast
2. symplast 3. transmember |
|
|
High root pressure leads to?
|
guttation
|
|
|
what is root pressure?
|
movement of water into the plant and up the xylem.
|
|
|
What is xylem?
|
great distances traveled by water molecules and disolved minerals.
|
|
|
What is transpiration?
|
force is "pulling"
|
|
|
What is potentials?
|
Ways of representing free energy
|
|
|
What is water potential?
|
predict which way water will move.
|
|
|
What is megs pascal?
|
Water potential is measured in units of pressure
|
|
|
Movement of water by ?
|
osmosis
|
|
|
What is plasmolysis?
|
Cell membrane pulls away from the cell walls as the volume of the cell shrinks
|
|
|
2 components to water potential?
|
1. physical force
2. concentration of solute in each cell |
|
|
Pressure potential?
|
turger pressure, resulting from pressure against the cell wall
|
|
|
Solute potential?
|
pressure arising from presence of solute in a solution
|
|
|
What are aquapores?
|
water channels enhanced by osmosis
|
|
|
Use of root hair in plant transportation?
|
most water absorption of the plant
|
|
|
3 transport routes?
|
1. apoplast route
2. symplast route 3. transmember |
|
|
What is apoplast route?
|
movement through the cell walls and the space between cells
|
|
|
What is symplast route?
|
continuum of cytoplast between cells connected by plasmodesmata.
|
|
|
What is transmember?
|
membrane transport between cells and also across the membrane of vacuoles within cells
|
|
|
What is root pressure?
|
often occurs at night, is caused by the continued accumulation of ions in the roots at times when transpiration from the leaves is very low or absent
|
|
|
What is guttation
|
root pressure is very high, it can force water up the leaves where it may be lost in a liquid form through this process
|
|
|
What is tonsile strength?
|
cohesion of its molecules their tendendcy to form hydrogen bonds with one another.
|
|
|
What is cavitation?
|
as filled bubble can expand and block the tracheid or vessel
|
|
|
Some minerals used?
|
1. phosphorus
2. potassium 3. nitrogen 4. iron 5. calcium |
|
|
Percentage of water loss via transport in a plant?
|
90%
|
|
|
Evaporatin from leaves produces?
|
tension
|
|
|
Leaf challenges?
|
1. minimized water loss
2. maximized amount of CO2 |
|
|
What controls evaporation from leaves?
|
stomata
|
|
|
What are waterless regulation ?
|
1. dormancy
2. deciduous leaves 3. thick, hard leaves w/ stomota in pits 4. trichomes 5. fewer stomotas |
|
|
Tugor pressure in guard cells causes what?
|
Stomata to open and close
|
|
|
Problems to much water can cause?
|
oxygen deprivation
|
|
|
Solution to flooding
|
arenchyma tissue
|
|
|
What is drought stress?
|
abscisic acid - opens ion channels, water moves in stomata opens
|
|
|
What are halophytes?
|
Plants live in saline soil
|
|
|
What is translocation?
|
distribution of carbohydrates manufactured in leaves to rest of the plant
|
|
|
What is pressure flow hypotheses?
|
Disolved carbohydrates flow from a source and are released to a sink.
|
|
|
What is the sink?
|
root, stem, fruits
|
|
|
What is phloem loading?
|
carbohydrates enter the sieve tubes in the smallest veins at the source
|
|
|
What is soil?
|
highly weathered outer layer of the earth's crusts
|
|
|
Main source of plant nutritien
|
photosynthesis
|
