Transport Across The Plasma Membrane

Front 1

Diffusion

Back 1

-Movement of molecules or ions by kinetic energy from their greater concentration to their lesser concentration (down a concentration gradient) until equilibrium is reached
-Can occur in solids, liquid, or gas, & across cell membranes

Front 2

Osmosis

Back 2

-Movement of WATER molecules by diffusion across a selectively permeable membrane
*Movement is from a hypotonic solution into a hypertonic solution
*Water moves until equilibrium is reached

Front 3

Facilitated Diffusion

Back 3

-Movement of a substance down its concentration gradient using a transmembrane protein for transport

Front 4

Filtration

Back 4

-Flow of a liquid (& solutes smaller than the pores) through the pores of a filter or plasma membrane
*Movement due to hydrostatic pressure

Front 5

Active Transport

Back 5

-Movement of a substance against its concentration gradient using a transmembrane protein & ATP for transport

Front 6

Vesicular Transport

Back 6

-Movement of a substance in to or out of a cell using vesicles that form at or fuse with the plasma membrane

Front 7

Endocytosis

Back 7

-Movement of substances into a cell via vesicles forming at the plasma membrane

Front 8

Phagocytosis

Back 8

-A type of endocytosis
-Specialized movement of solid particles into a cell by pseudopodia forming a vesicle around the particles
-"Cell eating"

Front 9

Pinocytosis

Back 9

-A type of endocytosis
- Drops of fluid brought into a cell by an invagination of the plasma membrane forming a small vesicle
-"Cell drinking"

Front 10

Exocytosis

Back 10

-Movement of substances out of a cell via fusion of secretory vesicles with the plasma membrane

Front 11

Solvent

Back 11

-Dissolving medium (dissolver)
*Typically a liquid
*Always water in living organisms

Front 12

Solute

Back 12

-Substances dissolved in a solvent

Front 13

Concentration Gradient of a Solute

Back 13

-When 2 different solute concentrations are on either side of a selectively permeable membrane

Front 14

Hypotonic

Back 14

-Solution with a lower solute concentration
*(hypo=deficient) *(tonos=stretching)
~Term used only when 2 solutions are being compared

Front 15

Hypertonic

Back 15

-Solution with a higher solute concentration
*(hyper=excessive)
*(tonos=stretching)
~Term used only when 2 solutions are being compared

Front 16

Isotonic

Back 16

-Solute concentration of the 2 solutions are equal
*(iso=same)

Front 17

Crenated

Back 17

-Shriveled with spiked edges
ex. RBC loses most of its water when put in a hypertonic solution

Front 18

Hemolysis

Back 18

-Swells & may eventually burst
ex. RBC gains a significant amount of water by being placed in a hypotonic solution
*(hemo=blood)
*(lysis=break down)

Front 19

Salt content (NaCl) of blood

Back 19

0.9%
*Same slat content as a physiological saline solution