Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
young turks
|
liberal reformers who forced the Ottoman sultan to accept a written constitution, with greater freedom and equality
|
|
|
Muhammad Ali
|
Egyptian general who successfully challenged the Ottoman empire
|
|
|
Matthew Perry
|
American who forced Japan at gunpoint to open its doors and who brought down the Tokugawa government
|
|
|
Hong Xiuquan
|
village schoolmaster whose vision of a radically reformed Chinese society inspired the Taiping revolution
|
|
|
Alexander II
|
moderate tsar who emancipated the serfs but denied them political rights
|
|
|
Jainssaries
|
group that was once the military elite of the Ottoman empire; by the 19th century, they had become corrupt and reactionary
|
|
|
Lin Zexu
|
Chinese commissioner who tried unsuccessfully to stop the flood of opium into his country
|
|
|
Sergei Witte
|
Russian finance minister who pursued a program of aggressive modernization and industrialization
|
|
|
Abd al-Hamid
|
leader who rose to power in a palace coup and promised to honor a new constitution, but soon revoked that promise and ruled as an autocrat
|
|
|
Mahmud II
|
sultan who built a modern army and destroyed the Janissaries
|
|
|
Cixi
|
leader who, although never officially the ruler, was effectively the last of the Qing dynasty
|
|
|
Mutsuhito
|
boy emperor who reclaimed his power after the collapse of the Tokugawa shogunate
|
|
|
autocrat
|
a ruler who holds unlimited power and is answerable to no other person
|
|
|
Tokugawa government
|
bafuku responded to Japanese peasant protest and rebellion during the 18th century with conservative reforms
|
|
|
Taiping rebellion
|
caused by internal struggles and foreign invaders
|
|
|
bafuku
|
"tent government": temporary replacement of emperor
|
|
|
shogun
|
"military governor"
|
|
|
sengoku
|
"the country at war"
|
|
|
daimyo
|
"great names"
|
|
|
"Heavenly King"
|
Hong Xiuquan
|
|
|
taiping tianguo
|
"Heavenly Kingdom of Great Peace"
|
|
|
Tanzimat
|
"reorganization"
|
|
|
zemstvos
|
elected district assemblies
|
|
|
cohongs
|
specially licensed Chinese firms
|
|
|
Nemesis
|
boat led by British armada in May 1842 during Opium War
|
|
|
slogan adopted during the Self-Strengthening Movement
|
"Chinese learning at the base, Western learning for use"
|
|
|
zaibatsu
|
financial cliques
|
