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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is toxicokinetics?
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Study of absorption, distribution, biotransformation and excretion of toxic agents
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What is the most common exposure in toxicology?
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oral
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What is more important in toxicology: the parent compound or the metabolite?
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metabolite
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An enzyme inducer makes more or less of the toxicant?
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both, it depends if the chemical starts out as toxic or is transformed into a toxin by the liver
nontonic to toxic - enzyme inhibitor will help toxic to nontoxic - enzyme inhibitor will hinder |
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What is the most common way xenobiotics cross biological membranes?
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simple diffusion
depends on lipid solubility and degree of ionization |
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What is the difference between active and facilitated transport?
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both used as a carrier but active requires energy
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What is absorption?
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movement of toxin from exposure site to blood
rate depends on solubility, concentration gradient and ionization |
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How do you measure rate of absorption?
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T max
long = slow absorption short= quick absorption |
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What is distribution?
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movement of a toxin from blood to tissues
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What is a factor of distribution that is not a factor of absorption?
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plasma protein binding
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What is an example of a toxin with extensive plasma protein binding? What two problems effect amount of proteins?
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warfarin - stays longer in the blood 2-3 days
liver and kidney |
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What is the primary route of toxin excretion?
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kidneys
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