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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the disease that are due to Selenium deficiency?
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White muscle disease
hepatosis dietetica in young pigs Exudative diathesis in chicks nutritional pancreatic atrophy in chickens porcine stress syndrome |
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Where is Selenium deficient in the soil?
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northwest
northeast South east Great lakes |
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Where is selenium rich in soil?
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South Dakota
North Dakota Wyoming Montana Nebraska Kansas Utah Colorado New Mexico |
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How much selenium is required in the diet?
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.1mg/kg but that depends on vitamin E
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What are the uses for selenium?
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feed supplements for cattle, sheep, swine and poultry
injectable supplements used in medicated shampoos for treatment of dermatitis |
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What are the sources of selenium toxicosis?
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overdosage with selenium preparations or supplements
selenium contaminated water causes teratogen effects in waterflow in water fowl improper used of selenium-medicated shampoos may cause toxicosis in small animals |
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What is the toxicity of selenium?
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acute toxic dose of oral selenium (selenite) is 3.3mg/kg 10 in cattle 17 in swine
chronic toxic level is 5-10 ppm for several months |
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What is the mechanism of action for Selenium?
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irritation of GI mucosa
dramatic repletion of tissue GSH SE replace sulfur in amino acids causing abnormal protein decrease ATP in chronic toxicosis |
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What are the clinical signs of acute oral toxicosis?
Parenteral? |
colic, bloat and dark watery diarrhea
respiratory signs such as labored respiratory with fluid sounds in the lungs, pyrexia, fever death Neurological sign including mydriasis and incoordination |
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What are the clinical signs of chronic toxicosis?
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alkali disease
rough hair coat, loss of hair from mane tail hoof deformities and sloughing, stiffness of joints and lameness partial blindness, anemia, lethargy, emaciation, infertility and birth defects |
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What are the lesions associated with acute selenium toxicosis?
Chronic? |
hemorrhagic gastroenteritis, congestion of organs, hydrothorax, guts containing rotten smell
abnormal hooves, cardiac damage and hepatic necrosis |
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What are differential diagnoses of selenium toxicosis?
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pneumonia, infections hepatitis, enterotoxemia and pateurellosis (acute)
molybdenum toxicosis, fluoride toxicosis, freezing, ergotism and laminitis (chronic) |
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What is the treatment of selenium toxicosis?
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saline cathartics
symptomatic therapy such as O2 and treatment for circulatory shock Acetylcystine |
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How do you prevent selenium toxicosis?
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test soil
remove animals from seleniferous areas addition of copper to the diet,high protein and increase sulfur containing proteins |
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What is the prognosis of selenium toxicosis?
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poor in acute toxicosis because animals die quickly
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