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9 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the source of nitrogen dioxide?
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nitrogen dioxide and tetra oxide (N204) gases are produced by incomplete reduction of nitrates during the fermentatic process in silos
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What are the properties of nitrogen oxide?
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NO2 gas is reddish brown
N2O4 is colorless and the mixture is yellow or yellow brown NO2 is heavier than air but the gases are about asdense as air alkali convertes the gases to nitrates and nitrites |
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What is the toxicity of nitrogen oxide
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humans can smell 1-3 ppm
long exposure to a few ppm can lower respiratory resistance to respiratory infections 50-150 ppm cause milk to moderate irritation of the eyes and upper respiratory mucosa exposure of swine to 250-310 ppm for10 minutes causes death |
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What are the toxicokinetics of nitrogen oxide?
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NO2-N2O4 gases form nitric acid upon contact with mucous membranes
the acid or the gases may cross respiratory mucosa an cause cellular damage |
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What is the mechanism of action of nitrogen oxide?
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direct irritation of the mucous membranes by nitric acid
lung damage death from anoxemia |
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What are the signs associated with nitrogen oxide?
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respiratory signs that are similar to ammonia poisoning
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What are the lesions associated with nitrogen oxide?
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pulmonary edema
hemorrhage emphasema inflammation of bronchioles cyanosis methemoglobinemia necrosis of skeletal muscle |
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How do you treat nitrogen oxide?
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supportive treatment such as fresh air, oxygen and antioxidants such as acetlcystein and vitamine E
methylene blue IV for methemoglobineima |
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What is the prognosis of nitrogen oxide toxicosis?
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poor in animals exposed to large concentrations
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