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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is Fluoracetate?
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orderless water soluble compound used as livestock protection collars for controlling coyotes preying on sheep and goats
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What is the toxicity of fluoracetate?
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very high
.05mg/kg in dogs birds are the most resistant 5-8mg/kg in mice and rats |
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What is the mechanism of action for fluoracetate?
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-enters cells
-condences with oxaloacetate to fluorocitriate that competes with citrate for the active site of the kreb cycle enzyme anonitase -results in slow kreb cycle and decreasing cellular respiration and energy -the brain and heart functions are most affected -there is build up of citrate -ammonia accumulates in the brain and could cause conculsions in some species |
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What are the clinical signs of fluoracetate?
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-signs of CNS stimulation and GI irritation in dogs
-signs of heart failure in horses, cattle, sheep and goats -cats and pigs have a combination of cardiac and CNS signs |
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What are the lesions associated with fluoracetate?
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-lesions depend on cause of death
-see rapid rigor mortis -no lesions for cardiac effects, may see enteritis -death from respiratory failure may cause cyanosis, hemorrhage on the heart, pulmonary change, dark blood and organ congestion |
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How do you laboratory diagnose fluoracetate?
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-chemical analysis for fluoracetate is diffucult and specimens are gastric contecnt and vomitus
-elevated citrate in the kidney tissue or blood (not diagnostic) |
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How do you diagnose fluoracetate?
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history
clinical signs lesions |
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How do you treat fluoracetate?
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-anticonvulsants
-oxygen therapy -charcoal. milk or limewater -calcium chloride -Sodium bicarb |
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What is the antidote for fluoracetate?
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acetate donor which compete with the poitons nat vital biochemcial steps to reduce the conversion to fluorocitrate
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What is the prognosis of fluoracetate toxicosis?
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grave
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