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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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PCP
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wood protectant
uncouples oxidative phosphoylation decrease or blocks ATP support |
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2,4-D
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forage spray
GI irritant increase renal secretion in alkinization of urine support |
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Alcohols
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alcoholic beverages or fermented dough
CNS depression, ataxia, blindness and decrease in ADH ethanol to treat |
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Ethylene glycol
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antifreeze
CNS depression, GI irritation activated charcoal, ethanol sodium bibarbonate |
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Propylene glycol
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antifreeze, rust remover ("safe")
heinz bodies, osmotic diuresis, ataxia emetic, activated charcoal |
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Bleaches
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household products, pools
chloramine cass reactions with acid/ammonia milk and water, magnesium oxide, support |
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Detergents
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nonionic - soap and laundry = irritant to skin and mm
anionic - sulfonated hydrocarbon cationic -quaternary ammonia = systemic toxicity treat with milk and water and activated charcoal |
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Phenolic compounds
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disinfect and antiseptic
direct irritation causing coagulative necrosis milk, egg whites, wash skin |
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Xylitol
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sugar alcohol in chewing gum
promoter of insulin release induce vomiting give 50% dextrose IV antacid and GI protectants |
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NPN
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Urea - food additive
urea -> ammonia ammonia stops krebs and cell respiration relieve bloat with acetic acid and vinegar sodium bicarb for acidosis |
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Ionophore
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monensin - growth promotor and anticoccidial
change membrane potential causing increased influx of intracellular calcium cardiac arrythmias and skeletal necrosis selenium and vit E activated charcoal and furosemide |
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Water deprivation
Sodium toxicity |
access to salt with no water
causes decrease in glycolysis and active transport of Na out of the brain cerebral edema - if water follows give small amounts of water over a period of a few days, IV dextrose and furosemide |
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Ammonia
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decomposing manure
mucous membrane irritant, pulmonary edema, cough remove from site and provide fresh air, ointment for eyes and antibiotics |
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Carbon Monoxide
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from fire, space heaters
bonds with Hh = carboxyhb = no O2 give O2 and blood transfusion |
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Hydrogen Sulfide
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decomposing sewage
mucous membrane irritant Sodium nitrate |
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Fluoride
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plants and water
causes hypocalcemia, coagulation deficits irritation of the GI mucosa no known way to get fluoride out of bone give Ca and Vitamin D |
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Nitrogen Oxide
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industrial pollutant
irritant of mucous membranes, lung damage causes methemoglobinemia treat with methylene blue IV |
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Petroleum
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in gas products
causes vomiting with ingestion causing aspiration pneumonia give activated charcoal and support |
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Sulfur Oxide
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irritant to mucous membranes
remove from source treat with O2 |
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Lead
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found in paints, doesn't decompose in soil
causes basophilic stippling of RBCs neurotoxin increases with acidity see head pressing use chelation - EDTA |
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Copper
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decrease in Molybdenum
see liver necrosis see metHb use molybdenized copper spray on foarage |
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Zinc
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Penny ingestion
causes GI irritation and hemolytic anemia surgically remove penny chelation - EDTA blood transfusion |
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Inorganic Arsenic
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Ant and Roach killer
SH groups bind to lip causing a decreases glycolysis and kreb's cycle activated charcoal, lavage, fluids, chelation |
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Iron
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given oral and parentrally
GI, liver and cardiotoxic causes shock emetics, fluids, chelation Epi, O2 and antihistamines in anaphylactoid circumstances |
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Molybdenum
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copper deficiency
see diarrhea and dull coate give copper sulfate to adults give copper glycinate in young |
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Organic arsenic
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food additive to control enteric infections
causes demylination of peripheral nerves withdraw animals put on antibiotics |
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Selenium
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GI irritant
decreases ATP treat with saline cathartics and treat shock |
