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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the sources of cyanide in large animals?
small animals? |
LA: ingestion of cyanogenic plants such as wild cherry and sudan grass
SA hydrogen cyanide and cyanide salts -gas -fertilizer -combustion of plastics or rubber -cytogeneticplants (cherries, apples,plums, apricots) |
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What animal is the most suscepible to cyanide?
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ruminants
sheep are less susceptible than cattle |
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What is the mechanism of action of acute cyanide toxicity?
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binds with tissues and blood with ferric iron and cupric copper of the mitrochondrial cytochrome oxidase
blocks electron transport - causes histotoxic anoxia to brain metabolic acidosis due to anaerobic glycolysis vasoconstrictors irritation of mucous membranes |
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What is the mechanism of action of chronic cyanide toxicity?
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neuronal degeneration and demyelination of the spinal cord and brain
low levels of cyanide are goitrogenic due to thiocyanate |
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What are the clinical signs of acute cyanide poisoning?
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animals die without rapid onset
see tachypneam anxiety severe panging, gasping and behavioral alarm salivation, lacrimation, muscle tremors |
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What are the clinical signs of chronic cyanide poisoning?
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posterior paralysis
urinary incontinence cystitis goitrogenic effect |
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What are the lesions associated with cyanide poisoning?
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mucous membrane are bright red and the blood is cherry read and may not clot
GI and lungs may show congestion smell of cyanide |
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How do you chemically diagnose cyanide?
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specimens in forage
brain and heart are good specimens elevated thiocyanate lactic acidosis - increased anion gap |
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How do you diagnose cyanide?
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history of consuming cyanogenic plants
bright red mucous membranes odor of cyanide |
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What are differential diagnoses of cyanide toxicosis?
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carbon monoxide
hydrogen sulfide nitrate urea |
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How do you treat cyanide poisoning?
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sodium nitrate
sodium thiosulfate O2 Vinegar mineral oil as a laxative |
