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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What are two popular chlorinated cyclodienes?
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aldrin and dieldrin
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What is known about chlorinated cyclodienes and their interaction with the environment?
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they are persistent in the environment and exhibit bioaccumulation
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How is absorption of cyclodienes different from DDT? (differential absorption)
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cyclodiences induce hepatic enzymes and are potentially carcinogenic
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Are cyclodienes approved for veterinary use?
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Yes, but limited in animal dips and sprays
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What is the most toxic of all cyclodienes?
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aldrin
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What is the isomer of aldrin?
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isodrin
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What is the isomer of dieldrin?
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endrin
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What is endrin used on?
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cotton and cereals
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WHat spp. is most sensitive to chlordane?
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sheep
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What is chlordane used for?
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soil and crop insecticide
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What are the three chlorinated hydrocarbons?
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chlorinated ethane derivatives, chlorinated cyclodienes, and hexachlorocyclohexanes
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Which chlorinated hydrocarbon causes liver enlargement when largely exposed?
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hexachlorocyclohexane
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Which isomer of benzene hexachloride is most toxic?
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lindane
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What are two characteristics that help identify stability of the pesticide in the environment?
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biological magnification and translocation in plants
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Where is the concentration of the pesticide highest, in the roughage or in the seeds?
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higher in the roughage
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Where can you find concentration of pesticide residues?
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fatty tissue, milk, and eggs
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Does DDT or methoxychlor have excellent, good, ok or poor dermal absorption?
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ok
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Does cyclodienes, including dieldrin have excellent, good, ok, or poor dermal absorption?
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good
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Where is the main storage site of pesticides in the body?
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fat
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Where are pesticides usually distributed in the body?
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in the fat and CNS
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What is the detoxification mechanism of pesticides?
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body fat
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What is the "toxicity source" of pesticides?
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fat
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What action will aid in the release of toxic residues?
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fasting b/c fat will be mobilized therefore releasing toxic residues
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What are the two exception to extensive metabolism of chlorinated hydrocarbons?
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bioactivation of aldrin and dieldrin(both are active comounds)
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How are chlorinated hydrocarbons eliminated?
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excretion(urine) and secretion(milk)
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What inhibits the binding of gamma-aminobutyric acid(GABA) to its receptors?
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heptachlor and lindane
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What is the MOA of all organochlorine insecticides?
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slow repolarization, enhance Na inflow, block K outflow
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What is the effect of some organochlorine insecticides on the CNS?
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increase CNS levels of ammonia
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What is the effect of cyclodiene on the nervous system?
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cause intense stimulation of the nervous system
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What behavorial manifestations are exhibited by chlorinated hydrocarbon intoxication?
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hypersensitivity, apprehension, belligerence, and later depression
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