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31 Cards in this Set
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- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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pallor, anorexia, nausea & vomiting, malaise followed by right upper
quadrant abdominal pain, rising liver enzymes tachycardia, hypotension followed by hepatic dysfunction with jaundice, recurrence of nausea & vomiting, renal failure, possible death |
Toxicon: acetaminophen
Treatment: N-Acetylcyctine (Mucomyst), Charcoal*, supportive therapy |
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agitation & hyperactivity, euphoria, skin flushing, chest pain, palpitations, dry mouth,
hyperthermia, nausea & vomiting, mydriasis, weight loss |
Toxicon: Amphetamines
Treatment: sedation and observation, glucose and electrolyte testing. Complications may require airway management, fluid resuscitation, cooling measures, benzodiazepine sedation to manage hypertension, cool hyperthermic patients |
weight loss
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flushing, dry skin and mucous membranes, mydriasis, altered mental status,fever, tachycardia, urinary retention,
decreased bowel sounds. |
Toxicon: Anticholanergics (atropine)
Antidote/Treatment: physostigmine (However, physostigmine is contraindicated in patients with cardiac conduction disturbances such as prolonged PR and QRS intervals), charcoal*, (Ipecac syrup is contraindicated because of the potential for seizures) Most anticholinergic agents have large volumes of distribution and are highly protein-bound; therefore, hemodialysis and hemoperfusion are ineffective treatment methods, supportive care. Manage seizures with benzodiazepines, preferably diazepam or lorazepam. Phenothiazines are contraindicated because of their anticholinergic properties. |
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garlic smell on the breath & tissue fluids, acute distress, dehydration (often), vomiting and severe diarrhea (watery & bloody) and hypovolemic
shock, whitish lines (Mees lines), peripheral neuorpathy & dermal hyperpigmentation/ depigmentation (salt/pepper) skin, hepatic & renal damage, prolongation of the QT, cardiac arrhythmias & ventricular fibrillation. |
Toxicon: Arsenic
Treatment: Dimercaprol (BAL in oil), Hemodynamic stabilization Activated charcoal does not absorb arsenic very well. |
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lethargy, coma, hypothermia, decreased pupillary light reflex, nystagmus, respiratory depression, tachycardia or bradycardia, hypotension
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Toxicon: Barbiturates
Treatment: Check for hypothermia (& if present, warm the patient. Lavage, charcoal*, sodium bicarbonate, Hemodialysis, hemoperfusion (Induction of emesis with ipecac syrup is contraindicated in these patients because the depressed neurologic response increases risk of aspiration) |
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drowsiness, nystagmus, confusion, slurred speech, ataxia, weakness, amnesia,
hypotension, respiratory depression |
Toxicon: Benzodiazipines
Treatment: Flumazenil, charcoal* (Ipecac syrup is contraindicated for prehospital or hospital use because of the risk for CNS depression and subsequent aspiration with emesis) |
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Malaise, flulike symptoms, fatigue, dyspnea on exertion, chest pain, confusion, lethargy,
dizziness, coma |
Toxicon: CO
Treatment: 100% oxygen or hyperbaric oxygen. |
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Chest pain, MI, arrhythmias, cardiomyopathy, hypertension, paranoia, psychosis, the sensation of something crawling on the skin , seizures, hyperthermia, hypertension, tachycardia, mydriasis.
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Toxicon: Cocaine
Treatment: benzodiazepines to manage seizures, sodium bicarbonate, Nitroglycerin (for cocaine-related MI), hyperthermia treatment with ice packs or cooling blankets. |
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bitter almond odor on breath, bitter taste, burning throat, lock jaw, convulsions, coma,
respiratory failure. |
Toxicon: Cyanide
Treatment:amyl nitrite, sodium nitrite (to induce the formation of methemoglobin) |
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GI disturbances (abdominal pains, diarrhea), cardiac arrhythmias & ECG changes,
nausea, vomiting, fatigue, anorexia, dizziness, dreams,visual disturbances |
Toxicon: Digoxin
Treatment:Digoxin Fab fragments (Digibind), check electrolyte levels, diuretics that are commonly taken in patients with CHF can cause hypokalemia which will increase digitalis toxicity, treat hypokalemia |
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odor of hydrocarbons
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Toxicon: Hydrocarbons
Treatment: Management for HC ingestion is supportive. |
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encephalopathy with seizures, GI complaints,
neurological dysfunction, Anemia, blue black deposit along gum margin. Wrist and/or foot drop. |
Toxicon: Lead
Treatment: ABCs, diazepam, EDTA or BAL plus EDTA. Aggressive hydration. |
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impaired judgment, mydriasis, tachycardia, mild hypertension & tachypnea, tremor, confusion
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Toxicon: LSD
Treatment:supportive care & benzodiazepines (diazepam) to decrease agitation, haloperidol for acute psychosis. |
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euphoria, relaxation, sense of slowing of the passage of time, munchies, Dysphoric
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Toxicon: Marajuana
Treatment: supportive care |
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irritability, tremors, painful extremeties, pink discoloration of the hands & feet, desquamation of the hands & feet, Gingivitis
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Toxicon: Hg
Treatment: charcoal*, BAL |
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lethargy, confusion, misty, or snowstorm-like visual disturbances, blindness, coma, seizures,
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Toxicon: MeOH
Treatment: Dialysis, bicarbonate, folic acid (leucovorin), ethanol infusion |
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lethargy, coma, hypothermia, decreased pupillary light reflex, nystagmus, respiratory depression, tachycardia or bradycardia, hypotension, ATAXIA, hypertonicity, seizures
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Toxicon: Methaqualone
Treatment:Diazepam, phenytoin (as as anticonvulsant because barbiturates potentiate the effect of methaqualone). |
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CNS depression, respiratory depression, miosis, Hypotension & hypothermia, respiratory depression
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Toxicon: Opiates (not meperidine)
Treatment:naloxone, charcoal*, |
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fasiculations,
miosis, bronchospasm, weakness, excessive secretions, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, confusion |
Toxicon: Organposphates
Treatment: Praldoxime (2-Pam), atropine, benzodiazepines to control seizures |
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superficial necrosis developing days after initial contact, contact dermatitis, Keratoconjunctivitis
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Toxicon: Oxalate plant poisoning
Treatment: copious water irrigation, Acetaminophen |
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Horizontal, vertical, or rotary nystagmus, amnesia, analgesia, combativeness & paranoid behavior,
catatonic posturing, hyperreflexia, muscle rigidity, dystonia, hallucinations, Miosis |
Toxicon: Pencyclidine
Treatment: benzodiazepines, Physical and chemical restraints, charcoal* |
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drowsiness, agitation, convulsions, muscle spasms, tremor & rigidity, inability to sit still, miosis,
orthostatic hypotension and hypothermia (poikliothermia), |
Toxicon:Phenothiazines
Source: antipsychotic medication Treatement: Charcoal*, Lavage |
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gingival hyperplasia, hirsutism, rashes, acne, nystagmus
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Toxicon: Phenytoin
Treatment:charcoal*,(Hemodialysis or hemoperfusion are ineffective) |
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metabolic acidosis, hyperventilation, acidic urine, Ototoxicity, tinnitus, tachycardia, CNS depression,
seizures, nausea & vomiting, GI hemorrhage, prolonged bleeding |
Toxicon: Salicylates
Treatement: lavage, charcoal*, bicarb, Hemodialysis, monitor glucose levels closely. |
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sinus tachycardia, tremors, seizures, hypotension, and significant
dysrhythmias, metabolic acidosis, hypokalemia, hypophosphatemia, hypomagnesemia, hyperglycemia |
Toxicon: Theophylline
Treatment: bowel irrigation, Propranolol (for tachycardia), Phenobarbital, hemodialysis |
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tachycardia, hypotension, confusion or hallucinations, mydriasis, dry mucous membranes
and skin, decreased bowel sounds, urinary retention, seizures, QRS prolongation & arrhythmias |
Toxicon: TCAs
Treatment: Charcoal*, Bicarb, Benzos |
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lead (Pb) or cadmium (Cd) in tox-screen
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Treatment: EDTA in combo with BAL
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Copper or methyl murcury in tox-screen
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Treatment: Penicillamine or NAP
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Lead in tox-screen and have a pre-existing electrolyte imbalance
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Treatment: Succimer
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Acute arsenic, mercury, and gold poisoning
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Treatment: Dimercaprol (BAL in oil)
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acute iron intoxication or chronic iron overload from transfusinon-dependent anemias
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Treatment: Deferoxamine
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