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87 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Inhalable Dust
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< or = 100 microns
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Thoracic Dust
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< or = 10 microns
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Respirable Dust
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< or = 4 microns
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Benzene
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Acute CNS.
Aplastic anemia. Leukemia |
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Methylene Chloride
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CNS, Skin, eye.
Metabolizes to CO. |
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Trichloroethylene
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Metal degreasing and dry cleaning.
CNS, cardiac sensitization. liver, kidney |
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Methanol
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Blindness
Metabolizes to formaldehyde and then to formic acid. |
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Ethylene Glycol
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kidney damage. Oxalic acid metabolite crystalizes in proximal renal tubuoles.
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Forms of asbestos
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Crysotile
Crocidolite Amosite |
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Cobalt
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Hard metal disease.
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Cotton
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Byssinosis.
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Asbestos PEL
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0.1 fiber/cc
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Mercury
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CNS
tremors loosening of teeth |
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Antimony
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Liberates stibine gas
hemolytic anemia |
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Itai-Itai disease
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Caused by cadmium exposure. Bone joint pain.
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Chromium
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Perforated nasal septum. Lung cancer
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Draize Test
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Eye testing on animals.
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Cyanide mechanism
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Inhibits cytochrome oxidase enzyme system. Cells cannot use O2.
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Examples of nephrotoxins
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Heavy metals
Halogenated aliphatic solvents |
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Examples of chemical asphyxiants.
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CO, HCN, H2S
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Teratogens
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Causes birth defects in fetus. Thalidomide, Pb, Ethanol
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Mutagen
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Alters genetic material
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Ames Test
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Uses salmonilla to determine if a chemical is a mutagen.
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Disease from silica
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Silicosis
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Disease caused by asbestos
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Asbestosis
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Disease caused by coal dust
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Black lung
Anthracosis |
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Disease caused by bauxite (aluminum ore)
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Shavers disease
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Disease caused by talc
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Talcosis
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Disease caused by tin ore
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Stannosis
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Disease caused by iron oxide
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Siderosis
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Disease caused by cotton
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byssinosis
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Disease caused by moldy sugarcane
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bagassosis
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Disease caused by gum of acacia
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printers asthma
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Organophosphates
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Causes erratic nerve impulses.
Parathion Malathion |
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Organochlorines
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Stored in fat.
DDT Chlordane Aldrin Kepone |
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Cadmium
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Pulmonary edema
cancer kidneys |
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Arsenic
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lethal
cancer of lung, liver, luekemia |
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Beryllium
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Sensitizer
scars lungs lung cancer |
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Coal Tar Pitch Volatiles
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Aromatics
PAHs Lungs, kidney, bladder, skin |
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Byssinosis
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Caused by cotton
noticable on first day back to work after a few days off. |
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Ethylene Oxide
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Solvents, detergents, sterilizer
Can cause miscarriage. Luekemia |
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Formaldehyde
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Skin adsorption
Sensitizer nasal and lung cancer |
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Hexavalent chrome
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Lung cancer
dermal irriatation Occ asthma |
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Minumum O2 content?
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19.5%
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A1 Carcinogen
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Confirmed Human Carcinogen
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A2 Carcingogen
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Suspected Human Carcinogen
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A3 Carcinogen
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Confirmed Animal Carcinogen
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A4 Carcinogen
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Not classifiable as a human carcinogen.
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A5 Carcinogen
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Not suspected as a human carcinogen
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BEI Specimen collection:
PRIOR TO SHIFT |
16 hrs after exposure
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BEI Specimen collection:
DURING SHIFT |
After at least 2 hours of exposure
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BEI Specimen collection:
END OF SHIFT |
As soon as possible after exposure
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BEI Specimen collection:
END OF WORKWEEK |
After 4 or 5 consecutive days of work.
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BEI Specimen collection:
DISCRETIONARY |
Anytime.
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Ototoxic chemicals
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CO
Pb Manganese Styrene Toluene Xylene |
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Xenobiotic?
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A substance that is foreign to the body.
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Paracelcius said what?
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Anything can be a poison if the dose is high enough.
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Stages of cancer?
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Initiation: Damage to DNA.
Latency Period: Dormant. Promotion: Tumor cell growth. Progression: Tumor tissue progresses to neoplasm. |
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Carcinogen
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Cancer causing agent. Does not follow dose-response curve. Long latency period and lack of threshold.
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Asbestosis
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Latency period 15 yrs.
Lung cancer 20-30 yrs. Mesothelioma 35-40 yrs. |
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Delaney Clause
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No material may be added to food that is carcinogenic.
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Polarity
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The more non-polar a molecule is the easier it is absorbed.
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OSHA regulation reproductive substances.
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EtO
Lead Radiation DBCP |
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Emulsifiable Pesticide.
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Worst form.
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Cadmium
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Smelting, electroplating, soldering, welding.
Acute: Pulmonary edema. Chronic: Emphasema, lung cancer, kidneys. Protien in urine and discolored hair. |
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Lead
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Smelters, battery, paint, welding.
Organic Pb is water soluable and affects CNS. Increase ZPP. Chronic: CNS, kidney, sperm count. Acute: Pb colic. |
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Nickel
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Mining, refinery, SS production, electroplating.
Cancer of lung and nasal. Can cause asthma. Nickel carbonyl is most toxic form. |
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Chromium
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Electroplating, tanning, pigments.
Hexavalent more toxic than trivalent. Acute: Chrome holes, yellow teeth, gastric distress. Chronic: Gingivitis, bronchitis, liver, kidneys. Hexavalent: cancers, lung cancer. |
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Cobalt
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Can cause goiter.
Contact dermitis: Cobalt itch. |
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Manganese
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Resembles Parkinsons
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Mercury
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Gold extraction, chlorine production.
Acute: Respiratory system. Chronic: CNS. Mercuric Chloride most toxic. |
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Aluminum
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Link to Alzheimers.
Renal failure. Aluminum salts: Shaver's disease. |
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Antimony
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Similar to Arsenic.
Forms Stibane gas: Combined with H2 effects blood and kidneys. |
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Thallium
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Mees Line: Green urine.
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Zinc
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Zinc oxide fumes: Metal fume fever.
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Phosgene
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Farmers, plastic manufacturers.
Bronchitis, emphysema, pneumonia. |
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Portland Cement
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Chronic bronchitis, dermatitis.
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Vinyl Chloride
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PVC production.
Liver cancer, angiosarcoma of liver. |
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Formaldehyde
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Nasal cancer, contact dermatitis.
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Methylene Chloride
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Construction, coffee manufacturers, garment printers.
Lung tumors, liver tumors. |
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Parathion
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Hyperkeritinization
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Most hazardous asbestos?
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Amphibole
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Phossy Jaw
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Caused by white phosphorous in the old match industry.
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91.4
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temperature limitwhere hypothermia sets in.
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Procarcinogen
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Must be metabolized in order to become carcinogenic.
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Carcinogenicty
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A1-Confirmed Human
A2-Suspected Human A3-Confirmed Animal A4-Not classifiable as human A5-Not suspected as human |
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Particulate Sizes:
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Dust: 0.1um - 30 um
Fume: 0.001 um - 1.0 um Mist: 0.01 um - 10.0 um Smoke: 0.01 um - 1.0 um |
