Tortora Micro Ch.12 Part B - Lichens & Algae

Front 1

What is a lichen?

Back 1

Mutualistic combination of a fungi and algae

Front 2

Lichens are half algae; what type of algae is this?

Back 2

Cyanobacterium; fomerly blue green algae

Front 3

What is the algae role within the lichen?

Back 3

Photosynthesizes; provides carbohydrates for lichens

Front 4

What is the fungus role within the lichen?

Back 4

Provides a holdfast (attachment)

Front 5

True or False:

Algae and fungi can colonize habitats within lichen environment.

Back 5

False - Lichens colonize habitats that are unsuitable for either the alga or the fungus alone.

Front 6

Lichens are classified on the basis of what?

Back 6

Morphology

Front 7

What are the 3 types of morphology of lichens?

Back 7

1. Crustose - Encrusted (cover or coat)

2. Foliose - Leaf like

3. Fruticose - Finger-like projections

Front 8

What 3 things are lichens used for?

Back 8

1. Pigments
2. Antimicrobial agent
3. Air quality indicators

Front 9

True or False:

Algae are multicellular and filamentous.

Back 9

False - Muticellular, unicellular, and filamentous

Front 10

Where do most algae live?

Back 10

Aquatic environments

Front 11

What type of "troph" is algae?

Back 11

Photoautotrophs

Front 12

Are algae prokaryotes or eukaryotes?

Back 12

Eukaryotes

Front 13

What is another term for "body"

Back 13

Thallus

Front 14

What 3 features are indicated on the thallus of a multicellular algae?

Back 14

1. Stipe
2. Holdfast
3. Blades

Front 15

What is a stipe?

Back 15

Stem or stalk-like feature

Front 16

How do algae reproduce asexually?

Back 16

Cell division & fragmentation

Front 17

True or False:

Algae can reproduce asexually but MANY reproduce sexually

Back 17

True

Front 18

Photoautotrophic algae produce what as their endproduct?

Back 18

Oxygen

Front 19

How are algae classified?

Back 19

Structure and pigments

Front 20

What are the 6 phyla of algae?

Back 20

1. Brown algae
2. Red algae
3. Green algae
4. Diatoms
5. Dinoflagellates
6. oomycotes

Front 21

Name a specific Brown algae and what is harvested from it to be used as a stabilizing colloid?

Back 21

Kelp - Algin

Front 22

What is Algin and what type of algae is it taken from?

Back 22

Stabilizing colloid - Kelp (brown algae)

Front 23

What phylum of algae lives deep in the ocean?

Back 23

Red algae

Front 24

What does the pigment provide for red algae?

Back 24

Absorption of blue light in deeper levels of the ocean

Front 25

Which phyla of algae stores starch?

Back 25

Green algae

Front 26

What 2 components do Green algae contain?

Back 26

1. Cellulose
2. Chlorphyll "a" and "b"

Front 27

Are diatoms unicellular or multicellular?

Back 27

Unicellular

Front 28

Which 2 phyla of algae can produce neurotoxins?

Back 28

Diatoms and Dinoflagellates

Front 29

What are diatoms used for?

Back 29

Diatomaceous earth; filtering aids

Front 30

Diatoms contain what 2 things?

Back 30

Pectin & Silica cell walls

Front 31

Which phylum causes paralytic shellfish poisoning (red tide)?

Back 31

Dinoflagellates

Front 32

Which phylum causes ciguatera (food poisoning)?

Back 32

Ciguatera

Front 33

Which phylum are reclassified water molds?

Back 33

oomycotes

Front 34

What type of "troph" are oomycotes?

Back 34

Heterotrophs

Front 35

True or False:

oomycotes are decomposers and plant parasites

Back 35

True

Front 36

What are 3 major roles of algae?

Back 36

1. Primary producers in aquatic food chain

2. Produce most oxygen in atmosphere

3. Produces petroleum

Front 37

What is petroleum made out of?

Back 37

Fossil remains of planktonic algae

Front 38

What produces most of the oxygen in the atmosphere?

Back 38

Planktonic algae