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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the 2 effector functions of CD4 effector TH1 cells? (secrete cytokine and then?)
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- inflammation
- macrophage activation- killing microbe |
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what is the 1 effector function of an activated CD8 T cell?
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- killing infected cell
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Where does T cell (CD4/8) expansion and differentiation occur?
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- within the secondary lymphoid organs
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What Naive T cell molecules are involved in bringing and keeping the cell in the lymph node?
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- L-selectin (binds to l-selectin ligand)
- LFA-1 (binds to ICAM-1) - CCR7 (binds to CCL19/21) |
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What molecules on the Effector/memory T cell that draw them towards the infection site?
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- E/P selecting ligand (binds to E/P selectin)
- LFA-1 (binds to ICAM-1) - CXCR3 (binds to CXL10) |
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Effector T cells that are rolling through the blood vessels are drawn into the tissue via
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- P/E selectin
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The homing of Effector T cells to infection site is Ag specific or non specific?
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- non-Ag-specific
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CD40L is expressed on the TH1 cell after?
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- Ag recognition
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What does the binding of CD40L (TH1) and CD40 (macrophage) cause?
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- increase T cell activation
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What is Delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH)?
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- skin manifestation of the increase in activation of the Th1 cells after the CD40/CD40L interaction and delivery of IFNy
- Memory T cells go to infection site, recognize Ag, induce more T and monocytes into area, cause edema and tissue damage |
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What are the different roles of TH1?
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- release TNF and chemokines that cause inflammation
- aids in CD8 T cell differentiation - help activate B cells |
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What does the macrophage induce when chemokines bind to its transmembrane receptor?
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- migration of T cell into tissues
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What is negative regulation?
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- induced by Th2 cells and limits the injurious consequences of macrophage activation
- keeps inflammation and TH1 in lace |
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How does TH2 cells inhiit microbicidal activity of macrophages?
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- releases IL-4/13 to prevent macrophage activation
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How do effector CTLs kills target cells through exocytosis?
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- secrete granzymes that enter the target cell cytoplasm via perofin to activate apoptotic pathways
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What are death domains?
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- FasL on CTL cell binds to Fas on target cell
- complex trimerizes - FADD is recruit through the death domain on Fas - Pro-caspase 8 is recruited to attach to the complex - signaling cascade begins to induce apoptosis |
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What does granzyme target? What occurs from this?
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- BID and pro-caspase-3 (non active form of caspase 3)
- BID is truncated and causes release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria - signaling cascade causes caspase-3 to cleave CAD which then cleaves DNA |
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What are the 2 ways CTLs can kill?
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1) direct contact
2) secreting IFNy |
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What are the 3 mechanisms that NK cells use to kill target cells?
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1) direct contact through NK receptors
2) Secrete IFN-y to induce macrophages 3) Contact mediated by Ab (ADCC) |
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What is ADCC?
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- B cells produce Ab that bind to infected cell
- Infected cell is now coated with Ab with Fc regions in the environment - several different cells can engage Fc receptor and eliminate (neutrophil, Nk cell, macrophage, eosinophil) |
