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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Osmolality
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osmotic pull exerted by all particles (solutes) per unit of water,
osmoles or milliosmoles per kilogram (mOsm/kg) of water. |
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Iso-osmolar fluid
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same proportion of weight of particles and water
(e.g., sodium, glucose, urea, protein) |
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Hypo-osmolar fluid
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fewer particles than water
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Hyperosmolar fluid
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more particles than water.
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tonicity
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effect of fluid on cellular volume.
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4 classifications of intravenous fluids
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• Crystalloids
• Colloids • Blood or blood products • Lipids |
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Crystalloids are
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basic IV fluids
used for fluid volume replacement or maintenance. |
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Crystalloids include
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dextrose and water (D5W) with approximately 250 mOsm/L,
saline (NSS) with 310 mOsm/L, lactated Ringer's solution with 310 mOsm/L solutions. |
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Colloids are
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volume expanders
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Colloids include
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dextran solutions
amino acids, hetastarch Plasmanate. |
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Blood or blood products include
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packed RBCs
whole blood, fresh frozen plasma platelets albumin |
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Lipids are administered
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as fat emulsion solution and are usually indicated when IV therapy lasts longer than 5 days.
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Lipids add to
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balancing the client's nutritional needs.
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potassium containing food sources.
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fruits
fruit juices, vegetables Bananas and dried fruits are higher in potassium content than oranges and fruit juices. |
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Calcium containing food sources.
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dairy
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