Topic 4 Drugs In The Body

Front 1

why learn pharmacodynamics?

Back 1

educate patients, make prn decisions, evaluate pt. for drug responses, both beneficial and harmful, conferring w/ physicians

Front 2

What is defined as the study of the biochemical and physiologic effects of drugs and the molecular mechanisms by which those effects are produced.

Back 2

Pharmodynamics

Front 3

what determines the minimum amount of drug we can use, the maximum response a drug can elicit, and how much we need to increase the dosage to produce the desired increase in response

Back 3

dose response relationship

Front 4

another term for the relationship between the size of an administered dose and the intensity of the response produced.

Back 4

dose response relationship

Front 5

what are the two characteristic properties of drugs

Back 5

maxiaml efficacy and relative potency

Front 6

what is defined as the largest effect that a drug can produce

Back 6

maximal efficacy

Front 7

what is indicated by the height of the dose response curve

Back 7

maximal efficacy

Front 8

what term refers to the amount of drug we must give to elicit an effect

Back 8

potency

Front 9

what is indicated by the relative position of the dose response curve along the x (dose) axis

Back 9

potency

Front 10

True or False
potency of a drug implies nothing about its maximal efficacy.

Back 10

true
potency and efficacy are completely independent qualities

Front 11

what are the special chemicals in the body that most drugs interact with to produce effects

Back 11

receptors

Front 12

what is the formal definition of any functional macromolecule in a cell to which a drug binds to produce its effects

Back 12

receptor

Front 13

what is generally reserved for what is arguably the most important group of macromolecules through which drugs act: the body's own receptors for hormones, neurotransmitter, adn other regulatory molecules.

Back 13

the term receptor

Front 14

what are normal points of physiologic processes

Back 14

receptors

Front 15

it is regulated by molecules supplied by the body

Back 15

receptor function

Front 16

what can drugs do at receptors

Back 16

they mimic or block the action of the body's own regulatory molecules

Front 17

drugs can or cannot give cells new functions

Back 17

cannot drugs cannot make the body do anything that it is not already capable fo doing

Front 18

what helps the body help itself

Back 18

medications

Front 19

what makes selective drug action possible

Back 19

by the existence of many types fo receptors, each regulating just a few processes.

Front 20

even though a drug is selective for only one type of receptor, is it possible fro that drug to produce nonselective effects?

Back 20

yes, if a single receptor type is responsibele for regulating several physiologic processes, then drugs that interact with that receptor will also influence a variety of processes.

Front 21

does selectivity guarantee safety

Back 21

no a compound can be highly selecive for one particular receptor and still be dangerous

Front 22

Two theories of drug receptro interaction

Back 22

simple occupancy theory and the modified occupancy theory

Front 23

what do the theories of drug receptor interaction help explain

Back 23

explain dose-response relationships and the ability of drugs to mimic or block the actions of endogenous regulatory molecules

Front 24

what states the intensity of the response to a drug is proportional to the number of receptors occupied by that drug and that a maximal response will occur when all available receptors have been occupied

Back 24

simple occupancy theory

Front 25

according to this theory two drugs acting at the same receptor should produce the same maximal effect, providing that their dosages were high enough to produce 100% receptor occupancy

Back 25

simple occupancy theory

Front 26

what ascribes two qualities to drugs: affinity and intrinsic activity

Back 26

the modified theory

Front 27

what refers to the strenght of the attraction between a drug and its receptor.

Back 27

affinity

Front 28

the affinity of a drug for its receptors is reflected in its

Back 28

potency

Front 29

drugs with high affinity are

Back 29

very potent

Front 30

this term refers to the ability of a drug to activate a receptor upon binding.

Back 30

intrinsic activity

Front 31

the intrinsic activity of a drug is reflected in its

Back 31

maximal efficacy.

Front 32

drugs with high intrinsic activity have high

Back 32

maximal efficacy.
that is by causing intense receptor activation, they are able to cause intense respnses, conversly if intrinsic activity is low, maximal efficacy will be low as well

Front 33

are molecules taht activate receptors

Back 33

agonists

Front 34

because neurotransmitters, hormones, and all other endogenous regulators of receptor function activate the receptors to which they bind all of these compounds are considered

Back 34

agonists

Front 35

affinity allows the agonist to bind to receptors, while intrinsic activity allows the bound agonist to

Back 35

activate or turn on receptor function

Front 36

many therapeutic agents produce their effects by functioning as

Back 36

agonists

Front 37

what is an agonist that has only moderate intrinsic activity

Back 37

partial agonists

Front 38

what can act as an agonist as well as an antagonists

Back 38

partial agonists

Front 39

antagonists produce their effects by

Back 39

preventing the activation of receptors by agonists

Front 40

in terms fo the modified occupancy theory, an agonist is a drug that has both

Back 40

affinity and high intrinsic activity.

Front 41

when drugs bind to receptors they can do one of two things

Back 41

they can either mimic the action of endogenous regulatory molecules or they can block the action of endogenous regulatory molecules

Front 42

drugs that mimic the body's own regulatory molecues are called

Back 42

agonists

Front 43

drugs that block the actions of endogenous regulators are called

Back 43

antagonists

Front 44

mimic the actions of endogenous regulatory molecules, but they produce responses of intermediate intensity

Back 44

partial agonists

Front 45

how would you describe the action of rosiglitazone??

Back 45

it binds to a receptor to elicit a desired response, it binds to a receptor to prevent action fo another substance, it dislodges another substance from a receptor site