Topic 2: Atomic Structure

Front 1

what is the smallest part of an element?
(and extra info on them)

Back 1

- an atom
- use to be thought that they were invisble
- can be broken down into sub atomic particles
- all atoms with exception of hydrogen are made up of 3 fundamental subatomic particles (protons, neutrons, electrons)

Front 2

where are all the protons and neutrons located?
(and extra info on them)
(and electrons)

Back 2

- are located in the nucleus
- electrons are found in the energy levels or shells surrounding nucleus
- protons + neutrons have a much greater mass than electrtons
- actual mass of a proton is: 1.672 x 10-(24) g; but has a relative value of 1.
- mass of a neutron is virtually identical and has a relative mass of 1.
- compared to a proton and a neutron, an electron has negligible mass of 1/2000

Front 3

what does the nucleus contain?
(and extra notes on them)

Back 3

- contains nearly all the mass (99.9%) of an atom.
- atoms have a radius in the order of 10-(10)
- the nucleus has a radius of 10-(14)m
- much of an atom is empty space.

Front 4

what are neutrons?
(and extra notes on them)

Back 4

- neutrons are neutral particles(no charge)
- an electron has a charge of 1.602 x 10- (19); assigned a relative value of -1
-all atoms are neutral, so they must contain equal numbers of protons and electrons.

Front 5

what are the fundemental differences of atoms of different elements?

Back 5

- the difference lies in the number of protons
-