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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the appearance of Neisseria?
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- Gram negative
- diplococci~ kidney bean with flattended oppposing ends |
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Neisseria is oxidase....?
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- positive
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What are the 2 pathogen species of Neisseria discussed?
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1) N gonorrhoeae
2) N meningitidis |
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Neisseria are an/aerobic?
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- aerobic
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What are the 4 virulence factors discussed about Neisseria gonorrhoeae?
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1) pili (made of pilin that enhand attachment and inhibit phagocytosis)
2) Outer membrane proteins I and III(act as porins for dissemination and inhibit complement) 3) Outer membrane proteins II (promotoe attachment, invasion, and antigenic variation) 4) IgA protease (evade mucosal immunity) |
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Where is N gonorrhoeae primarily located?
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- mucosal surfaces
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What are common symptoms of N gonorrhoeae in men/women?
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men: urethritis
women: none, cervicititis, salpingitis, PID, sterile |
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What happens if N gonorrhoeae gets into blood?
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- disseminated infection w fever, polyarthralgia, rash
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N gonorrhoeae is intra/extracellular?
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- intracellular
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What is the gold standard to identify N gonorrhoeae?
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- nucleic acid amplification
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What are the 4 virulence factors discussed about N meningitidis?
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1) capsule (antiphagocytic, immunogenic)
2) pili 3) IgA protease 4) Lipooligosaccharide (LOS) endotoxin that causes shock |
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What is DIC?
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Disseminated intravascular coagulation caused by N meningitidis
- initially excessive clotting then platelet/clotting factors are exhausted and there is bleeding |
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What is the clinical significance of N meningitidis?
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- meningitis
- septicemia (meningococcemia) - Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome(DIC, shock, adrenal destruction, circulatory collapse, death) |
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What are some problems that survivors of N meningitidis have?
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- neurological disability
- amputation - hearing loss |
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What fluid is stained to identify N meningitidis?
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- CSF
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What 2 faccines are available for N meningitidis?
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1) polysaccharide-diphtheria toxoid conjugate vaccine (for 2 and up; against group A,C, W-135, Y capsule)
2) polysacharide (2 and up; short-lived immunity) |
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What are the general features of Moraxella catarrhalis?
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- gram - coccobacilli
- oxidase positive - aerobic |
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What does Moraxella catarrhalis normally cause?
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- otitis media
- pneumoniae - conjunctivitis |
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General features of acinetobacter?
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- gram - coccobacilli
- oxidase negative - aerobic |
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What does Acinetobacter cause?
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- nosocomial infections esp related to ventilator use
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