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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Aconitum napellus
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aconitine
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Veratrum californicum
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cyclopamine
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Aconitum napellus Mechanism:
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reduces ion selectivity of sodium channels, resulting in sodium influx and production of cardiac arrhythmias leading to death
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Veratrum californicum Mechanism:
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cyclopamine binds to the smoothened protein in the sonic hedgehog signaling pathway. This is a developmental pathway where the transcription of specific genes leads to formation of the cerebral hemispheres and leads to correct patterning of the midline and bilateral symmetry. Alteration/disruption of the transcription of these genes during development may lead to cycoplegia (one eye in middle) or milder phenotypes. Birth defects like these occur when grazing animals ingest cyclopamine during pregnancy.
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Strychnos nux-vomica
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strychnine
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Strychnos nux-vomica Mechanism
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Low dose is stimulant/ High dose is convulsant, contracts all muscles – breathing is disupted- leads to death
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Chondrodendron tomentosum
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curare
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Chondrodendron tomentosum Mechanism:
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competitive inhibitor of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. At neuromuscular junction, results in lack of muscle contraction- in particular this affects the ability to breathe- leads to death
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Physostigma venenosum
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physostigmine
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Physostigma venenosum Mechanism:
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inhibits acetylcholinesterase- results in an increase of acetylcholine in the neuromuscular junction and more muscle contraction. Used to treat myasthenia gravis, at high dose can kill due to sustained muscle contraction
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Solanum tuberosum
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solanine
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Solanum tuberosum Mechanism:
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inhibits acetylcholinesterase
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