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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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What are prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells? |
They are organelles |
Pro and EU |
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Main parts of animal and plant cells? |
Cytoplasm, cell membrane, nucleus, vacuole, mitochondria, |
C,C,N,V,M |
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What are the main differences between animal and plant cells |
Cell wall, chloroplasts, vacuole |
C,C,V |
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Structure of a bacterial cell? |
Gel like, composed of water, enzymes, nutrients, wastes and gases. Structures such as ribosomes, chromosome and plasmids |
W,E,N,W,G R,C,P |
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Two types of microscopes? |
electron microscopes and light microscopes |
EM LM |
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Pros and cons of Electron Microscopes |
Higher magnification Can magnify objects up 2 million their normal size |
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Pros and Cons of light microscope |
Cannot be used to see smaller than 1nm Produces a colour image Used to view lives cells Only has magnification 1000x |
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Formula for magnification? |
Magnification = measured size ÷ actual size |
M= m÷a |
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What is standard form? Why use it? |
We use it to show really large or small numbers. |
Big and Small |
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How do u prepare a microscope slide ? |
Drop of fluid in centre Sample on liquid Lower cover slowly avoiding air bubbles Remove excess water with paper towel |
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Use microscope to view slide? |
Turn the revolving turret so that lowest power object lens clicked into position Look through and turn the focus knob move as far without touching the stage Adjust mirror for clearest image |
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Parts of a light microscope? |
Eyepiece lens Tube Arm Base Illuminator Turret Objective lens Rack stop Condensensor lens Iris |
E l T A B I T O l R S C l I |
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Cell differentiation? Why? |
How generic embryonic cells become specialized cells. They specialize because they have roles to fill and will adapt to that role. |
Normal to special. |
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What are sperm cells? |
They are a male reproductive cell. |
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Muscle cell? |
They contain protein filaments of action and myosin that slide past each other producing a contraction |
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Root hair cells! |
A root hair cell is in a plant to absorb minerals dissolved in water |
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What are xylem cells? |
They transport water around a plant |
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What are stem cells? |
They are undifferentiated cells that are able to differentiate to specialized cells |
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Disadvantages of stem cells? |
They can only do one thing |
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Advantages of stem cells? |
They can cure diseases |
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Info on chromosomes? |
Inside nucleus of animal and plant cells. They hold DNA |
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What is the cell cycle? |
A series of events that take place in a cell leading to its division and duplication of its DNA |
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what is mitosis? |
A type if cell division that results in two daughter cells each having the same number and kind of chromosomes |
2 same number and kind |
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How do prokaryotic cells replicate? |
Through binary fission |
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How do you grow bacteria in a lab? |
Swab surfaces then swab a Petri dish. Leave it to grow |
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How to keep cultures uncontaminated? |
Sterilise all equipment |
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Antibiotics on bacterial growth? |
Get bacteria on petri dish. Later add antibiotics in intervals and observe the rate of bacteria growth |
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What is diffusion? |
Diffusion happens when particles go from an area high concentration to an area of low concentration. |
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What is osmosis? |
Movement of water through a partially permeable membrane |
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What is active transport? |
The movement of molecules across a cell membrane into a region of higher concentration |
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How do we calculate surface area to volume ratio |
Find surface are then the volume. 3/R |
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