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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Metformin (Fortamet, Glucophage, Glucophage XR, Glumetza, Riomet) |
Indication: Type 2 DM Dose forms: tabs, ER tabs, oral soln Dose: 500 mg bid with meals OR 850 mg daily with meal OR 50 mg ER daily with meal Common ADRs: diarrhea, vomiting, dyspepsia, flatulence, metallic taste, weight loss Severe ADRs: Lactic acidosis, megaloblastic anemia Major DIs: -Alcohol: potentiates effect on lactate metabolism -Cimetidine: increases plasma conc -Iodinated contrast: acute renal failure and metformin toxicity Contraindications: renal disease, decompensated HF, acute or chronic metabolic acidosis, active liver disease |
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Sitagliptin (Januvia) |
Indication: Type 2 DM Dose forms: tab Dose: 100 mg daily Common ADRs: nasopharyngitis, N/V, diarrhea, hypoglycemia, weight loss Severe ADRs: acute pancreatitis, SJS Major DIs: -Digoxin: increased levels |
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Insulin Glulisine (Apidra, Apidra Solostar) |
Indication: DM Dose forms: injection 100 units/ml Dose: SQ 15 min before or immediately after meal |
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Insulin Lispro (Humalog, Humalog KwikPen) |
Indication: DM Dose forms: Injection 100 units/mL Dose: SQ 15 minutes before or immediately after a meal |
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Insulin NPH (Humulin N, Novolin N) |
Indication: DM Dose forms: Injection, suspension, 100 units/ml Dose: only mixed with regular insulin |
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Insulin Regular (Humulin R, Novolin R) |
Indication: DM Dose forms: Injection 100 units/ml Dose: SQ 30 min before a meal |
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70% NPH/30% Regular (Humulin 70/30, Novolin 70/30) |
Indication: DM Dose forms: injection, suspension 100 units/ml |
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50% NPH/50% Regular (Humulin 50/50) |
Indication: DM Dose forms: injection, suspension 100 units/ml |
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75% Intermediate-acting Lispro suspension/25% rapid-acting lispro solution (Humalog Mix 75/25) |
Indication: DM Dose forms: Injection 100 units/ml |
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Insulin Glargine (Lantus, Lantus Solostar) |
Indication: DM Dose forms: injection 100 units/ml Dose: Once daily |
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Insulin Detemir (Levemir, Levemir Flexpen) |
Indication: DM Dose forms: Injection 100 units/ml Dose: SQ daily with evening meal or qhs or bid |
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Insulin Aspart (NovoLog, NovoLog FlexPen) |
Indication: DM Dose forms: injection 100 units/ml Dose: SQ 15 min before or immediately after meal |
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70% Intermediate-acting insulin Aspart suspension/30% rapid-acting Aspart solution (NovoLog Mix 70/30) |
Indication: DM Dose forms: injection 100 units/ml |
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Glimeperide (Amaryl) |
Indication: Type 2 DM Dose forms: tab Dose: 1-2 mg daily at breakfast |
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Glipizide (Glucotrol, Glucotrol XL) |
Indication: Type 2 DM Dose forms: tab, ER tab Dose: -IR: 2.5-5 mg daily 30 min before breakfast -ER: 5 mg once daily with breakfast |
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Glyburide (DiaBeta, Micronase, Glynase PresTab) |
Indication: Type 2 DM Dose forms: tab Dose: 1.25-5 mg daily with breakfast |
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Pioglitazone (Actos) |
Indication: Type 2 DM Dose forms: tab Dose: 15-30 mg daily |
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Insulin Class |
Indication: Type 1/2 DM Dose: 0.5-1 unit/kg per day SQ Common ADRs: hypoglycemia, weight gain Severe ADRs: Severe hypoglycemia, edema, lipoatrophy Major DIs: -Decrease hypoglycemic effect: acetazolamide, diuretics, oral contraceptives, albuterol, EPI, phenothiazines, asparaginase, estrogens, terbutaline, corticosteroids, HIV antivirals, thyroid hormones, diltiazem, lithium -Increased hypoglycemic effect: alcohol, fluoxetine, anabolic steroids, lithium, beta-blockers, sulfonamides, clonidine Contraindications: severe hypoglycemia, allergy or sensitivity |
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Sulfonylurea class |
Indication: Type 2 DM Common ADRs: hypoglycemia, GI distress, dizziness Severe ADRs: SIADH (chlorpropamide), disulfiram-like reaction Major DIs: -Anticoagulants, Azoles, gemfibrozil: enhanced hypoglycemic effects -Beta-blockers: decreased hypoglycemic effects; may mask S/S of hypoglycemia -Digoxin: increased levels Contraindications: diabetes complicated by ketoacidosis; Type 1 DM, diabetes complicated by pregnancy |
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Thiazolidinediones class |
Indication: Type 2 DM Common ADRs: weight gain, edema, hypoglycemia Severe ADRs: hepatic failure, HF, anemia, ovulation in premenopausal women, bone loss, bladder cancer, macular edema Major DIs: -Gemfibrozil: increased TZD levels -Rifampin: decreased TZD levels -Oral contraceptives: decreased efficacy Contraindications: NYHA Class III and IV HF, active liver disease |
