Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What are the possible side effects of the topical fluoroquinolone ciloxan when used to treat a corneal ulcer?
|
superficial white precipitates in the cornea
|
|
|
What is the dosage schedule for ciprofloxacin when used to treat a corneal ulcer?
|
2 gtt q 15 min for 6H
2 gtt q 30 min for 18H 2 gtt q 1H for 24H |
|
|
What is the dosage schedule for ciloxan when used to treat a conjunctivitis?
|
1 gtt q 2H for 2 days
q 4h or ung tid x 2 days then bid x 5 days |
|
|
What drug class must be administered separately from pencillin to avoid inactivation?
|
aminoglycosides
|
|
|
What topical aminoglycoside is only available in combination?
|
neomycin
available as maxitrol, A-K spore, and Neosporin |
|
|
What is the drug of choice in treating blepharitis? What area of infections is it usually used in treating?
|
bacitracin, usually used in treating mucous membrane infections
|
|
|
Gramicidin has the same mechanism of action as polymyxin B and colistin, but what are two things that are different?
|
1. Gramicidin is more effective against gram positive bacteria.
2. Gramcidin is available in solution unlike polymyxin B and colistin |
|
|
Which gram positive bacteria is polymyxin ineffective against?
|
staphylococcus aureus
|
|
|
Which type of hypersenstivity would you classify Steven's Johnson syndrome resulting from penicillin allergy as being?
|
Type IV
|
|
|
What is the mechanism of action of trimethoprim (bactrim) and pyramethamine (daraprim)?
|
inhibits dihydrofolate reductase from reducing dihydrofolic acid to tetrahydrofolic acid.
|
|
|
What is the mechanism of action of sulfonamides?
|
stops the conversion of PABA to dihydrofolic acid
|
|
|
What is the current center for disease control recommendation for treating chlamydia?
|
oral doxycycline for 7 days
|
|
|
What category of teratogen are tetracyclines?
|
category D, contraindicated in pregnant women, lactating women, and children <8yoa
|
|
|
What drugs combine to form cortisporin?
|
polymyxin B, bacitracin, neomycin, hydrocortisone
|
|
|
What two drugs make up Neosporin suspension, different from neosporin ointment?
|
polymyxin B + gramicidin, polymyxin E is colistin and not the same as polymyxin B
|
|
|
What topical antibiotic solution is the treatment of choice in children because of its effectiveness against haemophilus and strep pneumoniae?
|
polytrim
|
|
|
What two drugs combine to form blephamide (vasocidin)?
|
sulfacetamide and prednisolone
|
|
|
What drugs combine to form maxitrol (ointment/suspension)?
|
neomycin
polymyxin B dexmethasone |
|
|
What two drugs combine to form zylet?
|
lotopredenol
tobramycin |
|
|
What drug is used to treat cytomegalovirus? What are its side effects?
|
cidofovir, side effects are renal impairment and granulocytopenia
|
|
|
What drug is used to treat cytomegalovirus in an AIDS patient?
|
foscarnet
|
|
|
What drug is used to treat HSV infection in an AIDS patient?
|
foscarnet
|
|
|
What are the side effects of foscarnet?
|
renal impairment
|
|
|
What drug is contraindicated for concommitant use with foscarnet?
|
pentamine
|
|
|
What is the only FDA approved drug for the treatment of topical ocular fungal infections?
|
natamycin (pimaracin, natacyn 5% suspension)
|
|
|
What antifungal drug must be compounded by a pharmacist?
|
amphotericin B 0.15%
|
|
|
What is the predominant Beta receptor in the eye?
|
Beta 2, the same as in the lung
|
|
|
When is the best time to administer timolol during the day?
|
upon awakening, due to adrenoreceptor down regulation during sleep
|
|
|
What class of drugs might mask the symptoms of hyperthyroidism?
|
beta blockers
|
|
|
Which ocular hypotensive beta blocker crosses the blood brain barrier the least and may be best for glaucoma patients with depression?
|
carteolol (ocupress) 1%
|
|
|
Which prostaglandin analogue used to treat glaucoma causes the most local ocular side effects with offsets the fact that it is also the most effective?
|
lumigan (bimatoprost)
|
|
|
What prostaglandin ocular hypotensive causes the least side effects in its class?
|
xalatan (latanoprost)
|
|
|
What prostaglandin analogue works the best in African Americans?
|
travatan (travoprost)
|
|
|
What rarely prescribed glaucoma drug causes CME in aphakes?
|
epinephrine
|
|
|
Which muscles do cholinergic agonist act on in the ciliary body?
|
longitudinal muscles
|
|
|
How many drops and what concentration of pilocarpine is ocusert equivalent to?
|
0.5-1% drops qid
|
|
|
How many drops and what concentration of pilocarpine is ocusert equivalent to?
|
2-3% drops qid
|
|
|
What is the trade name for the cholinergic agonst not used in practice but is indicated for glaucoma?
|
Eserine 0.25 % ointment (physostigimine)
|
