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7 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Where was Tiwanaku located and how long ago did it exist?
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Located at an elevation of 3 870m in modern day Bolivia.
Shores of Lake Titicaca. Reached zenith at A.D. 400 |
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What were the characteristics of Tiwanaku?
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-Had palaces, temples and platforms.
-Also massive monoliths depicting Ponce and Bennett Deities. -enormous works crafted from single pieces of stone. |
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What was Tiwanaku's agricultural system like?
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Highly productive ag. system;
-pattern of raised feilds -huge platforms of rich soil surrounded by lower swales -carefully engineered agricultural facilities. -low lying areas between raised fields allowed H2O of Lake Titicaca to flow between plantings. -design ensured that water does not perculate up through mounds damaging plants. -standing H2O b/w mounds=rich organic soup=scoop up-fertilized fields. -was core of Tiwanaku power and wealth. |
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How was rule legitimized?
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Morris and von Hagen; legitimized through religion. Elite position was the natural order of things.
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What site were the agricultural mounds found at?
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Pampa Koani; 1st layer stone cobble
base 2nd layer of clay 3rd layer three seperate sheets of gravel 4th layer productive topsoil. |
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Why was complexity necessary?
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to produce, maintain and expand highly engineered ag. system.
This order was reinforced by religious symbolism and monumental construction. |
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What was the population of Tiwanaku?
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Up to 1 million,
elite ruled over vast area of hamlets, the dwellings of the commoners. |
