Tissues

Front 1

4 Primary Types of Tissues

Back 1

1. Connective tissue

2. Muscle tissue

3. Epithelial tissue

4. Nervous tissue

Front 2

Functions of Connective Tissue

Back 2

- forms metabolic and structural connections between other tissues

- forms a protective sheath around organs and helps insulate the body

- acts as a reserve for energy

- provides the frame that supports the body

- composes the transport medium

- plays a role in the healing process and control of invading MO's

Front 3

Connective Tissue Components

Back 3

Extracellular matrix

- extracellular fibers

- ground substance

Cells

Front 4

Ground Substance of Connective Tissue

Back 4

-medium through which cell exchange nutrients and waste with blood stream

- amorphous and homogeneous

- liquid, gell, calcified solid

- protects the more delicate cells it envelopes

- effective obstacle for invading MO's

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Front 5

3 Fibers of Extracellular Fibres

Back 5

1. Collagenous fibers

2. Reticular fibers

3. Elastic fibers

Front 6

Collagenous Fibers (of Extracellular Fibers of Connective Tissue)

Back 6

- strong thick strands of collagen (fibrous protein)

- organized into bundles of long, parallel fibrils

- variable density and arrangement

- found in tendons and ligaments

Front 7

Reticular Fibers (of Extracellular Fibers of Connective Tissue)

Back 7

- thin delicate branched strands of collagen

- provide support for highly cellular organs: endocrine glands, lymph nodes, spleen, bone marrow & liver

- also found around: blood vessels, nerves, muscle fibers and capillaries

Front 8

Elastic Fibers (of Extracellular Fibers of Connective Tissue)

Back 8

- branch networks composed primarily of protein elastin

- composed of coiled bundles of microfibrils

- occur in tissues commonly subjected to stretcihng (vocal cords, lungs, skin & walls of blood vessels)

Front 9

2 Cell Types of Connective Tissues

Back 9

1. Fixed cells

2. Transient cells

Front 10

What are Fixed Cells (of Connective Tissues) involved with?

Back 10

Production and maintenance of the matrix

Front 11

What are blast cells?

Examples

Back 11

-cells that make something

Ex: fibroblasts, chondroblasts, osteoblasts

Front 12

What are fat cells called?

Back 12

Adipocytes

Front 13

What are Transient Cells (of Connective Tissue) involved in?

Back 13

The repair and protection of tissue

Front 14

What are Leucocytes?

Back 14

White Blood Cells

Front 15

What are mast cells involved in?

Back 15

Immune System

Front 16

What is the function of Macrophages?

Back 16

Phagocytose foreign material

Front 17

3 Types of Loose Connective Tissue

Back 17

1. Aerolar

2. Adipose

3. Articular

Front 18

3 Types of Dense Connective Tissue

Back 18

1. Dense regular

2. Dense irregular

3. Elastic

Front 19

Location of Aerolar Connective Tissue

Back 19

- surrounds every organ

- forms SQ layer that connects skin to muscle

- envelopes blood vessels, nerves & lymph nodes

- present in all mucus membranes

Front 20

Aerolar Connective Tissue Description

Back 20

loose, connective tissue

fibers and cells suspended in a thick, translucent ground substance

Front 21

Aerolar Connective Tissue Function

Back 21

Manufactures elastic, reticular & collagenous fibers

*Predominant cell is fibroblast

Front 22

Adipose Tissue Description

Back 22

Aerolar tissue in which adipocytes predominant

Highly vascular

Front 23

Adipose Tissue Function

Back 23

acts as a energy storehouse and a thermal insulator

Front 24

Adipose Tissue Location

Back 24

Sq layer

Mammary glands

Surrounding organs

Front 25

Reticular Tissue Description

Back 25

Network of thin reticular fibers

Contains loosely arranged fibers and many fibroblasts suspended in a supportive ground sunstance

Front 26

Reticular Tissue Function

Back 26

forms framework of organs such as spleen and lymph nodes

Front 27

Dense Regular Connective Tissue Description

Back 27

Composed of tightly packed, parallel collagen fibers

Relatively avascular

Front 28

Dense Regular Connective Tissue Location

Back 28

makes up the tendons and ligaments

can be found in sheets called fascia that covers the muscles

Front 29

Dense Irregular Connective Tissue Description

Back 29

Composed primarily of collagen fibers attached in thick bundles

Fibers are interwoven to form a single sheet

Front 30

Dense Irregular Connective Tissue Location

Back 30

Found in dermis of skin

In fibrous coverings of many organisms

Forms tough capsule of joints

Front 31

Elastic Connective Tissue Description

Back 31

Primary composed of elastic fibers

Fibers may be arranged parallel or in interwoven patterns with fibroblasts and collagenous fibers interspersed

Front 32

Elastic Connective Tissue Location

Back 32

In the spaces between the vertebrae

In areas of the body that require stretching (walls of arteries, stomach, bronchi, bladder, etc.)

Front 33

3 Types of Specialized Connective Tissues

Back 33

1. Cartilage

2. Bone

3. Blood

Front 34

Cartilage Function & Location

Back 34

Forms a framework on which bone is formed

Located: In joints, ear, nose and vocal cord

Front 35

Cartilage Structure

Back 35

No innervation (no nerves); avascular (no blood vessels)

Front 36

Cartilage Cells

Back 36

Chondrocytes: live in hollowed out pockets in the matrix called lacunae

Front 37

Cartilage Matrix

Back 37

Ground substance - gel of inorganic molecules called GAG's

Collagen fibers - most commonly found in matrix

Front 38

Most common type of Cartilage found in body...

Back 38

Hyaline

Front 39

Hyaline Cartilage Structure & Function

Back 39

Composed of closely packed collagen

Located: in joints at end of long bones, growth platelets of long bones, tracheal rings, connections of ribs to sternum