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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Define Tissue
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Groups of cells that are similar and perform a related function
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Define gland
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Tissue that secretes a biological product.
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Types of Tissues
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Epithelial
Muscle Nervous Connective |
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Define Epithelial Tissue
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Sheet of cells that cover body surfaces or cavities
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What does Epithelial Tissue Work as?
Functions? |
Interface Tissue
Apsorbtion, secretion, excretion, filtration, protection |
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Special Characteristics of Epithelial Tissues
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Cellularity, Polarity, Rapid Division, Innervated, Avascular, Specialized contacts, supported by connective tissue
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What are 2 surfaces of Epithelial Tissue?
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Apical - surface (part you can see)
Basal - bottom (part you can't see) - Acts as selective filter - Basement membrane |
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Basement Membrane
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Anchors cell
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Epithelial Nomenclature
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2 Prefixes - Stand for layers
Simple - 1 layer Stratified - 2 or more 3 suffixes - Stand for shape Squamous - flat Cuboital - cubed Columnar - columned |
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Simple Squamous Tissue
Description Function Location |
D - single layer flattened cells, close
fitting - sparse - relatively permeable F - filtration L - areas of rapid diffusion (kidneys, lungs) |
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Special Apical Structures
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Microvilli
- tiny hairs - aid in apsorbtion Cilia - tiny hairs - move things into and out of cell |
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Specialized Simple Squamous
Nickname Description Function Location |
N - Endothelium
D - Top layer smooth & non thrombogenic F - Denuding of layer exposes collagen & thrombogenic receptors L - Lines lymph, blood vessels, heart, & cornea |
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Simple Cuboital Endothelium
Description Function Location |
D - single layer of cubed shaped cells
- large spherical nucleus F - Secretion & Absorption L - Excretoil glands kidney tubules ducts secretory portions of small glands |
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Simple Columnar
Description Function Location |
D - Tall column shaped cells
- Round nucleus - 2 distinct features - contain goblet cells that secrete mucus which lubricates & protects - dense apical microvilli F - greater absorption & mucus secretion L - nonciliated (dig tract) - ciliated (bronchi, uterine tubes) |
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Pseudostratified Columnar
Description Location Function |
D - sinlge layer of cells
F - secretion of mucus L - sperm / trachea |
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Stratified Epethelial Tissue
Description Primary Role |
2 or more layers of cells
Basal cells - regenerate from below & push their way to the surface Increased durability Primary Role / Function: Protection |
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Stratified Squamous
Description Function Location Other |
D - multiple layers
- stratified tissue on top - cuboital tissue on bottom - thick membrane F - protects skin from abrasion L - outer layer of skin Receives nutrients from connective tissues |
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Stratified Cuboital
Description Location |
rare in body
two cell layers thick mammary glands/ sweat glands |
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Transitional Epithelial Tissue
Description Location Function |
several layers
basal - cuboital apical - domed resembles stratified squamous & cuboital stretches readily / permits distention lines urinary bladder, ureters |
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Glandular Epithelium
D Secretion components Modes of Secrtion |
D - Classified as endocrine / exocrine
- secretion is usually aqueous (proteins, lipids, steriods) - Contains ducts - can be multi or unicellular MOS - Merocrine - Hellocrine |
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Endocrine Glands
Release? How? |
relelase hormones
through exocytosis directly into extracellular space which then enters the blood or lympth so that it is transported to target organs |
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Hormones
3 Types & Examples |
Peptides : Insulin
Steroids - Estrogen GLycoproteins - HcG |
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Connective Tissue
Description |
D - most abundant & widely distributed tissue type
- amount in particular region varies |
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Connective Tissue
Common Characteristics |
-Common Origin - orig. from embryonic mesenchyme (dev. tissue)
-During dev. 3 primary layers dev. (ie. mesoderm mesenchyme) -Composed of star shaped mesenchyme cell -Varying degrees of vascularity -Cartilage (only avasc. conn tissue) -Adipose (richly vascular) -Contains extracellular matrix (surrounds & bathes cell) |
