A And P Exam 1 Part 2

Front 1

Tissues Organs and Systems involved in Speech and Hearing

Back 1

Respiratory , Phonatory
Articulatory and Resonatory (Supralaryngeal)
Nervous, Auditory

Front 2

What are the 4 primary tissues?

Back 2

1) Epithelial
2) Connective
3) Muscle
4) Nervous

Front 3

EPITHELIAL

Back 3

Protection, Skin, Mucus membrane, Organ Lining
Not alot of matrix. Forms surfaces and inside lining of body organs, tubes, and cavities. mostly cellular and non vascularized.

Front 4

CONNECTIVE

Back 4

Matrix. binds, supports, protects, fights infection
Connective, Tissue Proper
Cartilage
Bone Blood

Front 5

MUSCLE

Back 5

Flexion
Extension
Abduction
Adduction

Front 6

NERVOUS

Back 6

Conduction of electrical impulses

Front 7

Ligaments

Back 7

Connect bone to bone

Front 8

TENDONS

Back 8

Bone to muscle

Front 9

FASIA

Back 9

Muscle to Muscle

Front 10

Collagen

Back 10

Protein and the main component of connective tissue in fibrous.
Elastic, net like, joins tissue together
Tendons, ligaments, cornea, cartilage, bone, skin.

Front 11

4 TYPES OF CONNECTIVE TISSUE

Back 11

Tissue Proper
Cartilage
Bone
Blood

Front 12

3 TYPES OF LOOSE CONNECTIVE TISSUE PROPER

Back 12

AREOLAR- UNDER SKIN
ADIPOSE - FAT
RETICULAR - CONNECTS CONNECTIVE TISSUE TO OTHER TISSUE

Front 13

AREOLAR

Back 13

loose connective tissue widely distributed under epithelia of body; forms lamina propria

Front 14

ADIPOSE

Back 14

loose connective tissue widely distributed under skin as an insulator

FAT, CUSHION, ENERGY STORAGE

Front 15

RETICULAR / LYMPHOID

Back 15

Net like; Join connective tissues
loose connective tissue found in lymphoid organs.
THYMUS AND BONE MARROW

Front 16

3 TYPES OF DENSE CONNECTIVE TISSUE PROPER

Back 16

REGULAR
IRREGULAR
ELASTIC

Front 17

DENSE REGULAR

Back 17

dense connective tissue that forms tendons and most ligaments

Front 18

DENSE IRREGULAR

Back 18

dense connective tissue that makes up dermis of skin and fibrous capsules of organs & joints

Front 19

DENSE ELASTIC

Back 19

STRETCH AND CONTRACT

Front 20

3 TYPES OF CARTILAGE

Back 20

HYALINE
FIBRO CARTILAGE
ELASTIC

Front 21

HYALINE CARTILAGE

Back 21

Firm, Support, Cushioning

cartilage that makes up costal cartilages of ribs

Front 22

FIBRO CARTILAGE

Back 22

Strong, Supportive, Resistant to heavy pressure
shock absorbing cartilage found in intervertebral discs

Front 23

ELASTIC CARTILAGE

Back 23

cartilage that forms ear and epiglottis

Front 24

BLOOD

Back 24

connective tissue found in blood vessels

Front 25

WHITE BLOOD CELLS

Back 25

Fight infection

Front 26

RED BLOOD CELLS

Back 26

Carry oxygen

Front 27

PLATELETS

Back 27

Control Clotting

Front 28

2 TYPES OF BONE (CONNECTIVE TISSUE)

Back 28

COMPACT
SPONGY

Front 29

COMPACT BONE

Back 29

Location: Exterior of bones
Function: Support, protection, storage of minerals

Front 30

SPONGY BONE

Back 30

Location: Interior of bones
Function: Support, protection, storage of minerals

Front 31

WHAT ARE THE FUNCTIONS OF MUSCLE TISSUE?

Back 31

1) PRODUCE MOVEMENT 4) MOVE SUBSTANCES
2) STABILIZE BODY POSITION 5) PRODUCE HEAT
3) REGULATE ORGAN VOLUME

Front 32

WHAT ARE THE 4 PROPERTIES OF MUSCLE TISSUE?

Back 32

ELECTRICAL EXCITABILITY
CONTRACTIBILITY
EXTENSIBILITY
ELASTICITY

Front 33

IDENTIFY PARTS OF MUSCLE TISSUE

Back 33

Sarcolemma - cell membrane that covers the fascicles
Myofibrils-
Sarcomeres - long fibrous proteins muscle fibers to slide

Front 34

WHAT IS THE SLIDING FILAMENT THEORY OF MUSCLE CONTRACTION?

Back 34

Myosin heads attach to and walk along thin filaments toward m line. Thin filaments slide and meet at center sarcamere. Z discs come closer together shortening sarcamere and causing contraction

Front 35

3 TYPES OF MUSCLE TISSUE AND FUNCTION

Back 35

1) CARDIAC (heart, involuntary, striated, 1 nucleus)
2) SKELETAL (voluntary, 2, 3 nuclei, striated)
3) SMOOTH (organs, 1 nucleus, involuntary)

Front 36

WHAT ARE THE 2 TYPES OF NERVOUS SYSTEM CELLS?

Back 36

NERVE CELLS (NEURONS)
GLIALS (SUPPORTING)

Front 37

DESCRIBE THE FUNCTION OF GLIAL CELLS?

Back 37

1) REGULATE HOMEOSTASIS
2 ) FORM MYELIN (protein covering cells)
3) Support and Protect
4) CLEAN AND MAINTAIN (remove damaged cells)

Front 38

ASTROCYTES CELLS

Back 38

STAR SHAPED CELLS THAT REGULATE NEURAL ACTIVITY AND BRAIN CHEMISTRY

Front 39

OLIGODENDROGLIA

Back 39

PROVIDES A MYALIN SHEATH
ATTACHES TO AXONS

Front 40

MICROGLIA

Back 40

CLEAR AND CLEAN UP DEBRIS (SUCKER FISH)

Front 41

EPENDYMAL CELL

Back 41

FORM CEREBRO SPINAL FLUID
CUSHIN AND PROTECT

Front 42

WHAT ARE THE 4 TYPES OF GLIALS?

Back 42

ASTROCYTES CELLS
OLIGODENDROGLIA
MICROGLIA
EPENDYMAL CELL

Front 43

EXPLAIN THE TRANSMISSION OF ELECTRICAL SIGNALS

Back 43

The tiny synaptic gap is between an axon and the dendrites of the next neuron. The dendrites contain receptor molecules prepared to receive the neurotransmitters.

Front 44

CRANIAL NERVE: CN I

Back 44

OLFACTORY NERVE: Sensory
SENSORY SMELL
FROM NASAL CAVITY AND FRONTAL LOBE

Front 45

CRANIAL NERVE: CN II

Back 45

OPTIC: Sensory
SENSORY VISION
FROM RETINA OF EYE BACK TO THE VISUAL CORTEX ( VIA OPTIC CANAL)

Front 46

CRANIAL NERVE: CN III

Back 46

OCULOMOTOR: Motor
MOST motor eye movement

Front 47

CRANIAL NERVE: CN IV

Back 47

TROCHLEAR: Motor
motor eye movement up and down and side to side

Front 48

CRANIAL NERVE: CN V

Back 48

TRIGEMINAL: Sensory and motor
muscle of mastication.
feeling and sensory from the face and

Front 49

CRANIAL NERVE: CN VI

Back 49

ABDUCENS: motor
abduction of the eye (away from midline)

Front 50

CRANIAL NERVE: CN VII

Back 50

FACIAL: motor
facial movement, digastric and stapedius muscles
sensory taste fron 2/3 anterior of tongue

Front 51

CRANIAL NERVE: CN VIII

Back 51

AUDITORY Vestibulocochlear - mostly sensory
sound, rotation of gravity, balance

Front 52

CRANIAL NERVE: CN IX

Back 52

GLOSSOPHARYNGEAL: SENSORY
taste from posterior 1/3 of the tongue
elevates larynx and pharynx (innervates stylopharyngeus)

Front 53

CRANIAL NERVE: CN X

Back 53

VAGUS: sensory, taste, motor
largest CN, important to SHS, laryngeal and pharyngeal movement, innervates muscles of the thorax and abdomen

Front 54

CRANIAL NERVE: CN XI

Back 54

SPINAL ACCESSORY: motor
trapezious, stermacloid

Front 55

CRANIAL NERVE: CN XII

Back 55

HYPOGLOSSAL: motor
SHS relevant
Innervates muscles of the tongue,
swalling and speech articulation

Front 56

WHAT ARE THE MAJOR COMPONENTS OF THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM ?

Back 56

CEREBRUM SPINAL CORD
SUBCORTICAL STRUCTURES
CEREBELLUM
BRAIN STEM

Front 57

WHAT ARE THE MAJOR COMPONENTS OF THE PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM ?

Back 57

SOMATIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
AUTONOMIC (sympathetic, parasympathetic)