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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Tissue |
.A group of cell attach together by cellular junction . Strictures with discrete structure and functional properties . Tissues in combination from organ such as the heart or liver |
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Epithelial tissue |
Covers exposed surfs Lines internal passageway Forms gland |
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Connective tissues |
Fills internal spaces Supports other tissue Transports materials Store energy |
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Muscle tissue |
Specialized for contraction Skeletal muscle heart and walls of hollow organs |
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Neural tissue |
Carries electrical signals from one part of the body to another's |
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Epithelial |
Layers of cells covering internal or external surface |
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Gland |
Structure that produce secretion |
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Characteristic of epithelial |
-cellular it's cell junction -polarity apical and basal surface -attachment basement membrane or basal lamina -avascularity -regeneration |
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Epithelial function |
Provide physical protection Provide sensation Produce specialized secretions glandular epithelium |
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Sepecialization of epithelial |
Move fluids over the epithelium (protection) Move fluid through the epithelium (permeability) Produce secretion (protection and messengers) |
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Polarity |
1Apical surface: microvilli increase absorption Cilia move fluid 2. Basolateral surface |
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Maintaining the integrity of epithelial |
1. Intercellular connection 2. Attachment to the basement membrane 3. Epithelial maintenance and repair |
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Glandular epithelial Type of secretion |
Serous gland : watery secretion Mucous gland : secret my ins Mixed exocrine gland both serous and mucous |
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Gland structure |
Unicellular gland: - mucous goblet cells are the only unicellular exocrine glands -scattered among epithelial -for example : in intestinal lining |
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Multicellular gland (gland structure) |
1.structure of the duct -simple (undivided) -compound(divided) 2-shape of secretory portion of the gland - tubular ( tube shaped) -alveolar or acinar (blind pockets) 3- relationship between ducts and glandular area - branched ( secretory areas sharing one ducts) |
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Glandular epithelial |
- endocrine glands
Release hormones into interstitial fluid -No ducts
- Exocrine glands Produce secretion onto epithelial surfaces - through ducts |
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Glandular epithelial Modes of secretion |
1- merocrine secretion 2- apocrine secretion 3- Holocene secretion |
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Merocrine secretion |
- produced in Golgi apparatus -release by vesicles ( exocytosis) For example sweat gland |
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Apocrine secretion |
- produce in Golgi apparatus Released by shedding cytoplasm For example mamary glands |
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Holocrine secretion |
-Release by cells bursting killing gland cells -Gland cells replaced by stem cells - for example sebaceous gland |
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Columnar epithelial |
Simple - absorption and secretion Pseudostratified -Cilia movement Stratified Protection
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Transitional epithelial |
-Tolerates repeated cycle of stet echoing and recoiling and returns to its pervious shape without damage - appearance changes as stretching occurs - situated in regions of urinary system urinary bladder |
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Cuboidal epithelial |
Simple Secretion and absorption Stratified Sweat ducts and mammary ducts |
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Squamous epithelial Simple |
Mesothelium Lines body cavities Endothelium Lines heart and blood vessels |
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Squamous epithelial Stratified |
Protects against attack Keratin protein adds strength and water resistance |
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Epithelial maintenance and repair |
- epithelium are replaced by division of germinative cell ( stem cells) - near basement membrane |
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Classes of epithelium |
Based on shape . Squamous thin and flat . Cuboidal square . Columnar tall slender rectangle Based on layers . Simple epithelial: single layer of cells . Stratified: several layers of cell |
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Desmosome |
Cams, dense area and intercellular cement Spot desmosom Toe cell together Allow bending and twisting Hemidesmosomes Attach cell to the basal lamina |
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Attachment to the basement membrane Clear layer Dense layer( lamina Densa) |
Clear layer: - thin layer - secreted by epithelial - barrier to proteins Dense layer Thick fiber Produced by connective tissue Strength and filtration |
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Intercellular connection |
Support and communications CAMs (cells adhesion molecules ) Transmembrane protein Intercellular cement Proteologycan Hyluronan ( hyaluranic acid) Glicosminoglycan |
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Intercellular connection Cell junction |
- tight junction - gap junction -desmosoms |
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Tight junction |
- between two plasma membranes - adhesion belt attaches to terminal web - prevent passage of water and solutes - isolated wastes in the lumen |
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Gap junction |
-Allow rapid communication - are held together by channel proteins ( junctional protein connexons) - allow ion to pass - coordinate contraction in heart muscles |
