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9 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Levothyroxine
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T4 Thyroid Agent
Mechanism:*T4 *Free form enters cell --> converted to T3 by 5’deiodinase --> T3 enters nucleus binds to receptor protein --> ↑RNA and protein synthesis Adverse Reaction:*Children: acceleratd bone maturation and growth. *Elderly:A-fib, Osteoporosis *T3: Greater risk of cardiotoxicity Clinical Use:*Hypothyroidism: Hashimoto’s, drug induced, dyshormonogenes (impaired T4 synthesis), congenital, secondary *T4 once daily *T3 multiple times a day |
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Liothyronine
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T3 Thyroid Agent
Mechanism:*T3 enters nucleus binds to receptor protein --> ↑RNA and protein synthesis Adverse Reaction:*Children: acceleratd bone maturation and growth. *Elderly:A-fib, Osteoporosis *T3: Greater risk of cardiotoxicity Clinical Use:*Hypothyroidism: Hashimoto’s, drug induced, dyshormonogenes (impaired T4 synthesis), congenital, secondary *T4 once daily *T3 multiple times a day |
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Methimazole
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Thiomides
Mechanism:*Methimazole 10X more potent than propylthiouracil. *Inhibit thyroid peroxidase --> ↓ organification and coupling Adverse Reactions:*agranulocytosis --> ↑ infections *Altered sense of taste and smell *Crosses placenta Clinical Use:*Thyrotoxicosis |
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Propylthiouracil
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Thiomides
Mechanism:*Inhibit thyroid peroxidase --> ↓ organification and coupling *↓ peripheral conversion of T4 to T3 Adverse Reactions: *agranulocytosis --> ↑ infections *altered sense of taste and smell *Does not cross placenta “preferred in pregnancy) Clinical Use:*Thyrotoxicosis |
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Perchlorate
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Anion Inhibitors
Mechanism:*Monovalent anions that resembles Iodide --> competitively inhibits Iodide uptake Adverse Reactions:*Aplastic anemia Clinical Use:*Graves *Amiodarone induced hyperthyroidism |
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Thiocyanate
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Anion Inhibitors
Mechanism:*Monovalent anions that resembles Iodide --> competitively inhibits Iodide uptake Adverse Reactions:*Aplastic anemia Clinical Use:*Graves *Amiodarone induced hyperthyroidism |
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Potassium Iodide
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Mechanism:*↓thyroid hormone synthesis *Wolff-chaikoff effect --> autoregulatory phenomenon that inhibits thyroid formation *major action --> ↓thyroglobulin proteolysis --> ↓hormone release
Adverse Reactions:*↑intraglandular stores of iodine *Gland escapes iodide block in 2-8 weeks Clinical Use:*thyroid storm *preparation for surgery |
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Radioactive Iodine
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Mechanism:*absorbed and concentrated by thyroids --> B ray emission destroys thyroid tissue in a few weeks.
Adverse Reactions:*Crosses placenta --> destroys fetal thyroid *excreted in milk *not to be used in pregnant women or nursing mothers Clinical Use:*thryotoxicosis *patients >21 |
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Propanolol
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Mechanism:*blocks B1 and B2 receptors *inhibits T4 to T3 conversion
Adverse Reactions: Clinical Use: |
