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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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This lesion demonstrates large and small colloid filled follicles, some markedly distended; foamy macrophages are found in scattered follicles.
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Amiodarone treatment
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This lesion is characterized by scattered small, disrupted follicles associated with a histiocytic infiltrate, but most histiocytes do not have a foamy cytoplasm.
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palpation thyroiditis
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How do these metastasize?
Papillary carcinoma Follicular carcinoma Medullary carcinoma |
Papillary: lymphatics
Follicular: veins Medullary: both |
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IHC for medullary carcinoma:
thyroglobulin calcitonin synaptophysin chromogranin CEA TTF1 |
IHC for medullary carcinoma:
thyroglobulin - calcitonin + synaptophysin + chromogranin + CEA + TTF1 + (80%) |
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What is the mechanism of periortibal edema and exophthalmos in Grave's disease?
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Antigen-antibody complex deposition in periorbital tissues, especially muscles
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Which thyroid neoplasm is positive for CK19?
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Papillary
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What is the most common site for ectopic thyroid?
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Base of tongue
NOTE: 75% of people with ectopic thyroid do not have thyroid tissue anywhere else. |
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Location for thyroglossal duct cyst.
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Midline above isthmus and below the hyoid bone.
NOTE: the duct remnant is always connected to the hyoid bone. |
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Does thyroglossal duct cyst move with swallowing?
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Yes
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Can medullary carcinoma develop in thyroglossal duct cyst?
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No, only neoplasms of follicular cell origin develop here.
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What percentage of the ovarian neoplasm needs to be thyroid in order to be called struma ovarii?
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50%
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What percentage of struma ovarii are bilateral?
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5%
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What causes black thyroid?
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minocycline
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How does the pigment in black thyroid stain?
PAS Oil red O Lipofuscin Fontana Masson Iron |
How does the pigment in black thyroid stain?
PAS + Oil red O + Lipofuscin + Fontana Masson + Iron - |
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What HLA are associated with Hashimoto's thyroiditis?
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HLA-DR3
HLA-DR4 HLA-DR5 |
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What HLA is associated with follicular neoplasms and papillary thyroid carcinoma?
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HLA-DR7
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What are the 3 most common thyroid cancers and what are their prevalence?
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1. Papillary (80%)
2. Follicular (10-20%) 3. Medullary (5-10%) |
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What molecular mutations are associated with follicular carcinoma? (4)
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1. PPAR-gamma (25-50%)
2. N-RAS, H-RAS (25-50%) 3. p53 4. beta-catenin |
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What are the aggressive subtypes of papillary thyroid carcinoma? (3)
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1. Diffuse sclerosing
2. Tall cell 3. Columnar cell |
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What molecular mutations are associated with papillary thyroid carcinoma?
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1. BRAF (70%)
2. RET 3. Trk (20%) |
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In medullary carcinoma, what type of amyloid is present?
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AA
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In medullary carcinoma is associated with several familial syndromes including MEN2A, MEN2B, and familial non-MEN thyroid medullary carcinoma). List them, along with sporadic medullary carcinoma from best to worst prognosis.
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Medullary thyroid carcinoma prognosis (best to worst):
1. Familial non-MEN thyroid medullary carcinoma 2. Sporadic = MEN2A 3. MEN 2B |
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What mutation is associated with medullary thyroid carcinoma?
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RET
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Is primary thyroid lymphoma usually indolent or acute?
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Presents as acutely enlarging mass (even though most common type is MALT lymphoma)
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DiGeorge syndrome is due to anomalies of what branchial pouches? What's the microdeletion?
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3rd and 4th branchial pouches
Del 22q11.2 NOTE: Hypoparathyroidism --> hypocalcemia |
