Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
66 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Constructed Sound
|
Any sound effects created by editing, manipulating, changing previously recorded sounds.
|
|
|
Synthesizer
|
A musical instrument that creates sounds electronically can be used to create a close facsimile of instrumental natural, or vocal tones.
|
|
|
Acoustics
|
The sound transmission characteristics of a room, space, or material also the science that studies these qualities.
|
|
|
Balance
|
o adjust the loudness and equalization level of individual signals while mixing to achieve an appropriate blend.
|
|
|
Pitch
|
The characteristic tone produced by a vibrating body, the higher the frequency of vibration, the higher the pitch.
|
|
|
Decibel
|
A unit for expressing the intensity of sound; an increase or decrease of one decibel is just about the smallest change in loudness that the human ear can hear.
|
|
|
Reverberate
|
To reflect in a series of echos
|
|
|
Tape Deck
|
a magnetic tape transport mechanism used to record an electrical signal on magnetic tape; also used to play back that signal; does not contain a playback amplifier and speaker.
|
|
|
Transducer
|
A device that converts energy form one state into another for example a microphone or loudspeaker
|
|
|
Amplifier
|
A device used to boost the signal received from a transducer to a level that will drive a loudspeaker
|
|
|
Loudspeaker
|
A tranducer used to convert an electrical signal into mechanical energy, the movement of a vibrating membrane, converts a signal from an amplifier into audible sound.
|
|
|
Tone
|
A generic term referring to the intensity of the component frequencies contained in any particular sound.
|
|
|
Equalizer
|
An electronic device that selectively boosts or attenuates specific frequencies or ranges of frequencies.
|
|
|
Playback system
|
Devices used to play recorded sound; usually composed of some combination of a turntable, a tape deck, a CD player, or a computer, an equalizer an amplifier, and a speaker
|
|
|
Preamplifier
|
A device that boosts the level of a signal, without alteration or reshaping, to the requisite input signal level of the next piece of equipment in a sound system.
|
|
|
Graphic equalizer
|
An equalizer with individual slide controls affecting specific, usually narrow, segments of the sound spectrum; so called because the position of the individual controls graphically displays a picture of the equalization of the full sound spectrum.
|
|
|
Woofer
|
A low frequency speaker, with a frequency range from 20 to approximately 150-250 Hz
|
|
|
Mid range speaker
|
A speaker designed to reproduce the middle range of audible frequencies roughly 200-1,000Hz
|
|
|
Tweeter
|
A high frequency speaker, generally designed to reproduce form approximately 1,000 to 20,000 Hz
|
|
|
Pressure Driver
|
A unit housing a large magnet that vibrates a very thin metallic diaphragm to create mid-range and high frequency sounds.
|
|
|
Horn
|
A dispersion device attached to the front of a pressure driver to direct the sound emitted by the driver into a specific pattern.
|
|
|
RMS wattage rating
|
A system (root mean-square) providing an accurate picture of the energy dissipation characteristics of sound equipment
|
|
|
Attenuate
|
to decrease or lessen
|
|
|
Line level
|
A signal voltage range of approximately 0.75 to 1 volt; specified as a range rather than one particular voltage because the voltage and current of the signal vary with the intensity and frequency of the sound.
|
|
|
Assignable
|
the property of being able to be assigned e.g. an assignable input may be connected to any output of any number of outputs.
|
|
|
40-in/2-out
|
A mixer device with four inputs and two outputs.
|
|
|
Soundscape
|
The sound environment. The sound effects, music, and reinforcement being used at any particular moment in a play
|
|
|
Slow control
|
Enabled by the MIDI show control protocol, show control generally refers to the process of using computers to precisely control the various equipment sound playback, lighting, stage rigging, used in a theatrical event.
|
|
|
Show file
|
A digital file containing all the music and effects cues,in sequence, for an entire production; variously called show tape, should file, production show tape, production sound file.
|
|
|
Line level setting
|
The electronic equivalent of a loudness setting for the line level signal. An optimum line level signal would be loud enough to be distinctly heard by the next equipment in line the power amplifier but not so loud as to introduce distortion.
|
|
|
Fade rate
|
The amount of time it takes for a fade either fade up or fade down to be complete
|
|
|
Piezoelectricity
|
Voltage produced when pressure is placed on certain crystals.
|
|
|
Capacitance
|
The electrical capacity of a condenser or capacitor.
|
|
|
Impedance
|
Resistance in an AC circuit; the only difference between impedance and resistance is that impedance is defined as resistance to the flow of an alternating current
|
|
|
Music
|
the use of music in a nonmusical production has historically been limited to preshow, intermission, and postshow instrumentals that create an aural atmosphere selected to put the audience in the proper mood for the play
|
|
|
Effects
|
The creation of specific sound effects such as barking dogs, telephones, doorbells and train whistles is still an important element of the sound designers work, but no longer the sole element
|
|
|
Reinforcement
|
is used when there is a need to boost the loudness level of the actors' voices, as when the acoustics of the auditorium are not good or during a musicals when the singers can't be heard over the orchestra.
|
|
|
Frequency
|
is the rate, measured in cycles per second (hertz or Hz) at which an object vibrates.
|
|
|
Intensity
|
of a sound is synonymous with its loudness
|
|
|
Timbre
|
refers to the distinctive quality of a sound that makes one voice sound different from another or a trumpet sound different form a violin.
|
|
|
Speaker Cabinet
|
protect the speaker cone from damage, they form a inextricable part of the speaker
|
|
|
Crossover Network
|
an electronic device normally mounted inside the most appropriate for use by the speakers being used in the system
|
|
|
Power Amplifier
|
its existence is to boost the low voltage input signal that it receives form the input source computer, mini disk, CD player, tape deck and so forth.
|
|
|
Equalizer
|
boosts or attenuates portions of the signal to affect the loudness of specific segments of the sound spectrum.
|
|
|
Graphic equalizer
|
it graphically displays the equalization of the full sound spectrum.
|
|
|
Parametric equalizer
|
simular to the graphic equalizer in that it boosts or attenuates specific frequencies within the sound spectrum.
|
|
|
Mixers
|
it is a device that is used to mix the output form a variety of sources and route the blended signal on to other devices.
|
|
|
Patch Bay
|
is used to cross connect between the various pieces of equipment
|
|
|
MIDI
|
Musical Instrument Digital Interface is a standard digital protocol for the transmission of data.
|
|
|
DAT
|
Digital Audio Tape
|
|
|
CD
|
Compact Disk
|
|
|
MiniDisk
|
is a recorded in a digital two track system on a small optical magnetic plastic encased disc
|
|
|
Digital Cartridge Machines
|
Sound storage device
|
|
|
Microphone
|
convert mechanical sound waves into an electrical signal
|
|
|
Carbon Microphone
|
When the vibrations of sound waves strike the diaphragm of a carbon microphone, they exert minute pressure changes on the granules of carbon
|
|
|
Crystal Microphone
|
Take advantage of the piezoelectric properties of certain crystalline minerals They have a little better frequency response than the carbon ones and re extremely rugged.
|
|
|
Ribbon Microphone
|
are made of a corrugated strip of very thin metal that is suspended between the poles of a magnet.
|
|
|
Dynamic Microphone
|
create their signal by inducing a small current in a coil that is firmly attached to the diaphragm of the microphone.
|
|
|
Condenser Microphone
|
is the most electrically complex type of microphone. The diaphragm, which is made of thin conductive material form one plate of a condenser or capacitor.
|
|
|
Microphone Pickup Pattern
|
Microphones do not discriminate in what they hear. They will pick up , and convert into an electrical signal, any sound within their pickup range. Several distinct pickup patterns have been developed to assist in making microphones somewhat discriminating.
|
|
|
Omnidirectional microphone
|
the pattern extends in a spherical pattern around the mic head.
|
|
|
Bidirectional configuration
|
easily picks up sounds in front of and behind the microphone but does not readily "hear" sounds to its sides.
|
|
|
Directional microphone patterns
|
use two primary configurations, cardioid and hypercardioid.
|
|
|
Cardioid pattern
|
is somewhat heart shaped
|
|
|
Hypercardiois or supercardioid pattern
|
is simply a more directional adaption of the cardioid pattern
|
|
|
Sound booth
|
is designed to facilitate both the recording of cues and the playback of sound effects during the production.
|
