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170 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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A lighting instrument with a high-intensity, narrow beam; mounted in a stand that allows it to tilt and swivel so the beam can "follow" an actor
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Followspot
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Eveeryone working, in any capacity, on the production of the play
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Production team
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The overwhelming majority of theatrical productions begin with a ________.
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Script
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After the script has been selected, who options it, or secures the legal rights to produce it, and hires the director, designers, and actors?
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The producer
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The producer, director, and scenic, costume, lighting, sound, and other designers who develop the visual and aural concept for the production.
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The production design team
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The creative interpretation of the script, which will unify the artistic vision of producer, director, and designers.
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The production concept
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One of the primary jobs of the ________ is to mold the individual artistic ideas and expressions of the production design team into a unified vision
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Director
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Normally, the production concept evolves during the first few ________ from the combined input of the members of the production design team.
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Production meetings
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A conference of appropriate production personnel to share information.
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Production meeting
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An actor, normally not called for in the script, used in a production; an extra; a walk-on
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Supernumerary
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Run-throughs in which the sets, lights, props, and sound are introduced into the action of the play.
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Technical Rehearsals
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Movement patterns, usually of actors, on the stage.
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Blocking
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A run-through without actors to practice changing the scenery and props
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Shift rehearsal
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A directive for action, for example, a change in lighting
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Cue
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A run-through without the actors to look at the intensity, timing, and placement of the various lighting cues.
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Lighting rehearsal
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A run-through in which the actors wear costumes and makeup
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Dress rehearsal
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What is considered probably the single most important device for ensuring smooth communication among the various production departments?
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The production meeting
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Who is the ultimate authority in the organizational structure of a theatrical performance?
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The producer
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The business functions of the producer--contracts, fund-raising, ticket sales, box-office management--are handled by who?
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The managing director
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Any artistic decisions--selection of directors, actors, and designers, are made by who?
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The artistic director
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Who runs the scene the scene shop and supervises the production of the scenery for every play in teh company
s season? |
The technical director
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Who runs the prop shop and supervises the creation/acquisition of the props used in each production?
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The property director
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The _______ is typically responsible for keeping the individual production teams on track, on budget, and on time.
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The production manager
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Who oversees the transition from plans to performance for each production and is responsible for managing the producing organization's production budget, personnel, and calendar, and genrally keeping everything moving smoothly
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The production manager
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A production run of predetermined length, for example, two weeks, six weeks, and so forth.
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Limited run
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From what does the production manager glean the information necessary to coordinate the assignement of personnel and rehearsal space as well as teh scheduling of the various production meetings and other necessary activities.
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The production calendar
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The two primary categories that describe the duties of a stage manager:
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1) assisting the director during rehearsals
2) being responsible for all backstage activity after the show opens |
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A copy of the script with details about each actor's blocking as well as teh location of all sets, props, lights, and sound cues
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Prompt book
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A specific action, also known as a "bit" performed by an actor during the play.
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Stage business
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To tell specific crew members when to perform their cues
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Call
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Who is responsible for the visual appearance and function of the scenic elements used in the production?
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The scenic designer
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Controlling or operating some aspect of production
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Running
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A sheet of mechancial drawings, drawn to scale
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Plate
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To change the position of the scenery, props, or stage equipment
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Shift
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The ____ is responsible for the construction, mounting, and rigging of the scenery.
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Scene-Shop foreman
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What are the three areas electricians divide their work?
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Hanging, focusing, and running
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Placing lighting instruments and equipment in the designated positions on the light plot
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Hanging
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Directing light from the lighting instruments to a specified areas.
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Focusing
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To connect a lighting instrument to a stage circuit
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Circuit
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To connect a stage circuit to a dimmer circuit
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Patch
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A sheet containing pertinent information (hanging position, circuit, dimmer, color, lamp wattage, focusing notes) about every lighting instrument used in the production. Also known as an instrument schedule.
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Hookup sheet
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The colored plastic, gel, or glass filters used in lighting instruments
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Color media
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To direct light from a lighting instrument to a specific location.
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Focus
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The vertical and horizontal threads in a fabric
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Warp and weft
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Who is responsible for actually translating the designer's sketches into reality?
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The cutter/draper
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The _____ may also do some cutting rom patterns developed by the cutter/draper, but this job is generally to supervise the construction of the costumes.
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First hand
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The sewing of costumes is done by _____.
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Stitchers
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Hats are frequently made by who?
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The milliner.
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Makeup worn in everyday life.
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Street makeup
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The amplification of sound coming from the stage.
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Sound-reinforcement system
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A microphone system that uses a short-range FM radio transmitter and receiver instead of a cable to send the signal from teh microphone to the mixer.
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Wireless microphone
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Name the phases of the design process:
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Committment
Analysis Research Incubation Selection Implementation Evaluation |
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Probably the most important step in the whole design process.
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Committment
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The two objectives of the analysis step:
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1) gathering info that will help clarify and refine the definition of the challenge you are facing
2) identifying areas that will require further research |
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Primarily a search fro information and an objective evaluation of the data you discover.
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Analysis
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Asking whatever relevant questions pop into your mind in teh course of a discussion.
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Stream-of-consciousness questioning
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In which reading are you looking for specific mechanical information rather than broadly based concepts
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Third reading
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What comes toward the end of analysis phase?
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The questioning process
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The step in the design process in which you sift through all the data you've accumulated and decide on your specific design concept.
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Selection
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A small, quick, rough drawing, usually done in pencil, that shows the major outline, character, and feeling of the object but does not have much detail
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Thumbnail sketch
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A three-dimensional thumbnail sketch of the scenic design; normally built on a scale of 1/2 or 1/4 inch to 1 foot; usually made from illustration board, Bristol board, file folders or similar cardboard, also known as a white model
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Functional model
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In which step of the design process does a designer proivide thumbnail sketches, white models, virtual models, etc.?
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The selection phase
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At what point is the selection phase finished?
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When the director feels satisfied that all design areas support the production design concept.
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The implementation phases begins when?
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When you stop planning and start doing.
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During what phase do the designers produce all drawings, models, plans, and instructions necessary to construct the scenic, lighting, costume, and sound designs?
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The implementation phase
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A scale model, similar to the functional model but fully painted and complete with all furniture and decorative props.
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Production model
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A list of describing each sound cue in the production
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Sound plot
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________ takes place within each step of the design process, and it also occurs when the project is completed.
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Evaluation
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A stage configuration in which the spectators watch the action through a rectangular opening (the proscenium arch) that resembles a picture frame
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Proscenium
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A stage projecting into, and surrounded on three sides by, the audience
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Thrust stage
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A stage completely surrounded by the audience.
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Arena stage
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The steeply raked seating area for ancient Greek audiences, aka auditorium
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Theatron
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The circular playing area of Greek theatre
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Orchestra
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Immediately behind the orchestra, the stage house
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Skene
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Long, high walls that extended on either side of and parallel with the skene.
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Paraskenia
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A columned arch located at the rear of the stage and just in front of the skene.
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Proskenium
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A wheeled platform used in Greek theatre
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Eccyclema
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Tall, three-dimensional forms that rotated on a central pivot; each side was painted with a different scene.
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Periaktoi
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A basket or platform that was lowered to the orchestra level from the second story of the skene.
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Machina
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Painted to panels, similar to modern flats.
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Pinakes
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Roman auditorium
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Cavea
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The modified skene that was transformed into an elaborately decorated single facade
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Scaenae frons
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Three changes made to Roman theatre:
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The Scaenae frons, roofing system, theatres built on level ground
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The front curtain that in early Roman theatres was lowered into a slot or trough in the floor and in later theatres was rased above the stage on ropes
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Auleum
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The curtain hung at the back of a Roman stage, that provided a background for the action of the play and also concealed the backstage area.
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Siparium
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A visual distortion technique that increases the apparent depth of an object
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Forced perspective
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A stage floor that is higher at the back than the front
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Raked stage
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In many Renaissance theatres, the stage floors were ____ to improve the visual effects of the scenery.
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Raked
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Scenery designed to visually support a generalized location (garden, city street, place, interior) rather than a specific one; commonly used from teh Renaissance through the early twentieth century and still in use today in some theatres.
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Stock set
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A large expanse of cloth, usually muslin or canvas, on which something (a landscape, sky, street, room) is painted
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Drop
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The flat extension of the stage floor that projects from the proscenium arch toward the audience
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Apron
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Wide, short, framed or unframed cloth drops suspended to prevent the audience from seeing above teh stage; normally match teh decorative treatment of teh wings and drops in wing and drop sets
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Borders
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A small elevator used to shift small pieces of scenery, or an actor, from the basement underneath the stage to the stage or vice versa. Usually no larger than 4x4 or 4x6 feet.
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Elevator trap
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A large, circular disk that pivots on its central axis; built into the stage floor as part of the theatre's permanent equipment
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Revolving stage
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A revolving stage with, usually, two sections, on rotating inside the other
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Concentric revolving stages
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The most significant advancements in stage machinery occurred where?
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In Japanese Kabuki theatre
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The development of ____ was a significant advancement for lighting design.
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Gas lighting
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The first followspot was born out of the invention of what?
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Limelight (with the use of reflectors)
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Small, rigid hand square used as a guide for marking 90 degree angels across narrow materials
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Tri-square
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12-inch steel rule with a movable handle uses for marking 45 and 90 degree angles
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Combination square
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This saw is used to cut across the grain of wood, alternate teeth on teh blade are bent outward so that the kerf is wider than the width of the blade.
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Crosscut saw
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The width of the cut made by a saw blade
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Kerf
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The bottom plate of a plane, with a slot which the tip of the blade projects
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Sole
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This handcranked device is usedd for making small diamerter holde in wood
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Hand drill
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This hand-cranked drill is used for making holes larger than 1/4 inch in diameter
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Brace
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This drill is designated for light usage and is very useful for making starter holes
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Push drill
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Wood free of knots, blemishes, erratic graining, and warps
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A Select
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Wood primarily the same as A select except that the grain can be less uniform and the wood can contain more pitch, which increases its weight
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B Select
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Wood can have a few tight knots (that will not fall out) of less than 1/2 inch in diamerter, slightly less uniform graining, and still more pitch.
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C Select
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Wood can have more tight knots of less than 1/2 inch in diameter, an occasional pitch pocket, and some warping
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D Select
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Lumber than can have knots upt 1.5 inches in diameter. The knots do not have to be tight (they may fall out). Warping and twisting are more prevalent in this grade of lumber
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No. 1 Common
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The knots in this lumber can be greater than 1.5 inches in diameter, and the edges can show an occasional strip of bark. The wood will probably be warped and twisted.
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No. 2 Common
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Most stage construction can be accomplished by which kinds of selects?
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C and D
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(Nominal) 1" = (Actual?)
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3/4 "
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(Nominal) 2" = (Actual?)
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1/2 "
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(Nominal) 8 " = (Actual?)
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1/4 "
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This wood is made by laminating several layers of wood
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Plywood
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The directionof the grain of each successive layer of plywood lies _______ to the layers immediately above and below it
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at a 90 degree angle
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Almost all plywood, unless precut by the lumberyard, is sold in ______ sheets.
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4x8 foot
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Also known as Philippine mahagoany, this 1/8" plywood is strong and quite flexible. Commonly used as flat covering material and for covering curved surface forms
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Lauan
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Plywood that is smooth on both sides; both faces free from knots, plugs, or grain irregularities; the MOST expensive
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AA
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Smooth sided plywood sanded on both sides; one face is free from imperfections, and the other is not; LESS expensive than AA
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AD
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Plywood that is rough sanded on both sides; one face may have plugged surface imperfections, the other side may have plugs, some open knotholes, and slight grain irregularities; the whole sheet may have slight warp; LESS expensive than AD
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BC
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Plywood that is rough sanded on both sides; each face may have many surface imperfections, some open knotholes, and grain irregularities; whole sheet may be slightly warped; LEAST expensive of all four grades
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CD
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OSB stands for....
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Oriented Strand Board
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Similar to particle board but composed of much larger chips, this is actually as strong as plywood and is lighter and cheaper; is is finished with one smooth face and one that has a slight texture
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OSB
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Hardboard is frequently calle ______, a registered trade name.
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Masonite
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This type of lumber is manufactured from wood pulp that is compresseed into 4x8 sheets of 1/8, 1/4, and 3/8 inch thickness.
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Masonite
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The two degress of hardness that masonite is available.
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Untempered and tempered
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Masonite is used for...
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facing surface for counters, stair risers, and other vertical surfaces that may recieve moderate physacl abuse during the production.
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Basically paper pulp and binder that have been mixed and compressed into 4x8 sheets; fairly flexible, very weak; Easy Curve
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Upson board
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Paper tube used for forming concrete
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Sonotube
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A laminated, engineered material used as a replacement/substitute for stock lumber
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Lumberlam
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Grades of stock lumber:
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A Select, B Select, C Select, D Select, No. 1 Common, No. 2 Common
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Types of sheet stock:
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Plywood, particle board, OSB, masonite, and upson board
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Although there are literally hundreds of metals and alloys, which two types are used extensively in scenic construction?
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Mild steel and aluminum
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Mild steel is also known as:
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AISI C-1020
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This fastener has a large head and thick shank. It is used for heavier general construction--platforms, bracing, and the like.
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Common nail
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This nail has a narrower shafte tha reduces the chance of splitting the lumber
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Box nail
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Small (under one inch long) nails with very slender shafts, used for attaching delicate decorative moldings or panels to larger scenic elements
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Wire nail and brad
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Created by the scenic designer, it is a top view of the setting and shows the position of the set in relation to the physical structure of the stage and auditorium
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Ground plan
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Ground plans are usually drawn in _____ inch scale
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1/2
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A leader line that extends, parallel with the proscenium arch, across the farthes downstage point(s) of the set
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Set line
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A leader line that extends across teh opening of the proscenium arch
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Plaster line
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This line runs perpendicularly to the set line from teh mid point of the stage
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Center line
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An aesthetically pleasing line that is placed around the border of the plate approximately a 1/2 inch from the edge of teh paper
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Margin line
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This type of drawing provides a view of an object as though it had been cut along some imaginary plance
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Sectional drawing
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A front view of the setting as it would appear if it were flattened out until it was in a single plane and viewed as though the observer were standing exactly at right angles to tit.
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Front elevation
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This type of elevation is used to show the reverse side of objects depicted in the front elevations--allows the construction details to be shown
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Rear elevations
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This projection describes an object with a series of scale elevations showing each side of the article, 3D
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Orthographic projection
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This drawing provides a fast and easy way of representing an object pictorially without becoming involved with perspective.
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Isometric
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In this drawing, one of the faces of the object is placed at right angles to the observer's line of sight, and the other faces subscribe to the tenets of isometric drawing
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Oblique drawing
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A top or bottom framing member of a flat
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Rail
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A vertical side member of a flat
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Stile
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An interior horizontal framing member of a flat
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Toggle bar
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A diagonal internal framing member that helps keep a flat square
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Corner brace
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A flat less than 2 feet wide
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Jog
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Wooden framed flats generally covered with some type of fabric
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Soft flats
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Traditional wooden flat frames covered with a hard material such as plywood, masonite, or other hard covering material
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Hard flats
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Primarily used for ripping lumber, this saw is equipped with a circular blade that projects through a slot in the table of the saw
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Table Saw
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This is probably the most versatile power tool in the scene shop
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Radial Arm Saw
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Chop saws are also known as....
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Motorized Miter Box
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This saw is used to make curvilinear cuts
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Bandsaw
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This saw can cut metal and plastics as well as wood.
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Saber saw
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This saw can be used to make very intricate, smooth edged cuts in wood, plywood, and composition board, as well as plastic, paper, and cloth.
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Cut Awl
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The Sawzall is the brand name for what saw?
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Reciprocating saw
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This bit is designed to be used with either wood or metal
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Twist drill bit
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Paddle shaped bits, sometimes called spade bits, can be used in wood or softer plastics.
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Wood bits
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This bit is designed to be used with the brace for cutting holes in wood
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Auger bits
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These bits are designed to carry away the woodchips loosened away during drilling
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Push drill bits
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