Thorax. Lungs, Mediastinum

Front 1

Right main bronchus runs under?

Back 1

The arch of the azygos veins

Front 2

Forced inspiration involves contraction of the?

Back 2

Intercostal muscles which elevates the ribs, thus allowing air to rush in to the lungs because of atmospheric pressure

Front 3

Forced expiration requires contraction of the? (2)

Back 3

Anterior abdominal muscles and the internal intercostals (costal part)

Front 4

The pulmonary nodes drains to ? which drains to ? etc.

Back 4

bronchopulmonary nodes --> tracheobronchial nodes, paratracheal noes --> bronchomediastinal nodes then thoracic duct on left and right lymphatic duct on the right

Front 5

The pulmonary trunk extend upward from what part of the right ventricle?

Back 5

Conus arteriosus

Front 6

What divides inflow/outflow of the right ventricle

Back 6

Conus arteriosus

Front 7

The rough part of the ventricles are called?

Back 7

Trabeculae carnae

Front 8

The pulmonary trunk bifurcates at what level?

Back 8

Level of the sternal angle

Front 9

The pulmonary trunk has ... blood pressure than that in the aorta

Back 9

lower

Front 10

The left pulmonary artery arches over what structure?

Back 10

The left main bronchus

Front 11

What connection is there between the left pulmonary artery and the arch of aorta?

Back 11

Ligamentum arteriosum

Front 12

The pulmonary ligament is a remnat of?

Back 12

Ductus arteriosus

Front 13

The right pulmonary artery runs under what?
Posteriorly to?
anterior to?

Back 13

Arch of the aorta
Ascending aorta and SVC
Right bronchus

Front 14

How many pulmonary veins leaves the lungs?

Back 14

5. One fro each lobe. The right upper and middle veins usually join so that only four veins enter the left atrium

Front 15

What type of blood do they carry?

Back 15

Oxygenated blood from the respiratory part of the lung and deoxygenated blood from the visceral pleura and from a part of the bronchioles

Front 16

How many bronchial arteries do we normally have?

Back 16

3. Two on left and one on the right

Front 17

From where do they arise

Back 17

The left ones normally arise from the thoracic aorta and the right normally arise from the 3rd posterior intercostal a.

Front 18

What do the bronchial arteries supply?

Back 18

The nonrespiratory conducting tissues of the lungs and the visceral pleura.

Front 19

Where do the bronchial veins receive blood form and where do they empty?

Back 19

They receive blood from the bronchi and empy into the azygos vein on the right and into the accessory hemiazygos vein or superior intercostal vein on the left.

Front 20

The pulmonary plexus is build from?

Back 20

Vagus nerve (CNX) and branches form the sympathetic trunk and cardiac plexus

Front 21

Wht type of fibers does it receive from the vagus nerve?

Back 21

Afferent and efferent, parasympathetic preganglionic, fibers

Front 22

What type of fibers from the sympathetic trunk and cardiac plexus?

Back 22

sympathetic postganglionic fibers

Front 23

The pulmonary plexus is divided into?

Back 23

The anterior pulmonary plexus (in front of the root of the lung and the posterior plexus (behind the root of the lung

Front 24

How do they enter the lung?

Back 24

It has branches that accompany the blood vessels and bronchi into the lung

Front 25

the sympathetic fibers comes from what and has what effect on the bronchi and pulmonary vessels??

Back 25

It comes from the cardiac plexus and sympathetic trunk and it dilates the lumina of the bronchi and constrict the pulmonary vessels

Front 26

The parasympathetic fibers comes from what and has what effect on bronchi, pulm. vessels?

Back 26

comes from the vagus n. and constricts the lumen of the bronchi and dilates the pulmonary vessels, also increase glandular secretion

Front 27

from where does the phrenic nerve arise?

Back 27

C3-C5

Front 28

it lies in front of what in the neck?

Back 28

Anterior scalene muscle

Front 29

It enters the thorax passing deep to and superficial to what arteries?

Back 29

passes deep to subclavian vein and superficial to subclavian artery

Front 30

Runs how to the root of the lung?

Back 30

anterior

Front 31

The vagus nerve runs how to the root of the lung?

Back 31

Posterior

Front 32

The vagus nerve is between what structures in the neck?

Back 32

Between the right common carotid a. and the internal jugular vein

Front 33

What important branch comes from the vagus nerve?

Back 33

Recurrent laryngeal n.

Front 34

The phrenic nerve runs how and is accompanied by what in the thorax?

Back 34

Runs anterior to the root of the lung and is accompanied by the pericardiophrenic artery as in runs between the mediastinal pleura and the fibrous pericardium

Front 35

What does the phrenic nerve innervate?

Back 35

The fibrous pericardium, The mediastinal and diaphragmatic pleurae, and the diaphragm for motor and its central tendon for sensory

Front 36

what are the compartments of the thoracic cavity?

Back 36

The two pleural cavities and the mediastinum

Front 37

What are the compartments of the mediastinum?

Back 37

Anterior, Posterior, middle, superior

Front 38

What does the superior mediastinum contain?

Back 38

SVC, brachiocephalic veins, arch of the aorta, thoracic duct, trachea, esophagus, vagus nerve, phrenic nerve, left recrurrent laryngeal nerve, Thymus

Front 39

Whats the borders of the anterior mediastinum?

Back 39

Posterior: Pericardrium, anterior: sternum and the transcerse thoracic muscles

Front 40

what's the content of the anterior mediastinum?

Back 40

The remnants of the thymus gland, lymph nodes, fat, and connective tissue

Front 41

Borders of the middle mediastinum?

Back 41

Right and left mediastinal pleura, Transverse thoracic plane form sternal angle to T4/T5 IV disc

Front 42

Content?

Back 42

Heart, pericardium, Phrenic nerves, roothe of the great vessels, arch of the azygos vain and main bronchi

Front 43

Posterior mediastinum borders?

Back 43

lies posterior the the pericardium between the mediastinal pleurae