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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Thymoma #1 adult mediastinal tumor location and % of total
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anterior mediastinum , 20% of total
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% benign and malignant tumors in adults
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benign - 60%, malignant - 40%
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% benign and malignant tumors in children
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benign - 50%, malignant - 50%
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Mediastinal Tumor Locations in Adults:
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adults ant -55%, mid - 20%, post - 25%
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Mediastinal Tumor Locations in Children:
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children ant -25%, mid - 15%, post - 60%
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Anterior Mediastinal Tumor Histology:
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thymoma > lymphoma > germ cell tumors > carcinoma
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Middle Mediastinal Tumor Histology:
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cysts > lymphoma > mesenchymal tumors > carcinoma
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Posterior Mediastinal Tumor Histology:
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neurogenic tumors > cysts > mesenchymal tumors > endocrine tumors
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Thymoma – malignant behavior is determined by
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not determined by histologic criteria (cells look benign), but by evidence of invasion
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Thymoma % noninvasive vs invasive
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2/3 noninvasive, 1/3 invasive
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Name of the staging system
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MASAOKA STAGING SYSTEM
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Stage I
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completely encapsulated macroscopically & no microscopic capsular invasion
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Stage II-1
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macroscopic invasion into surrounding fatty tissue or mediastinal pleura
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Stage II-2
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microscopic invasion into the capsule
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Stage III
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macroscopic invasion into neighboring organs (pericardium, great vessels, lung)
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stage IVA
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pleural or pericardial implants
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Stage IVB
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lymphogenous or hematogenous mets
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myasthenia gravis associated with __ %
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50% of cases
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edrophonium (Tensilon) tests what receptor
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anticholinesterase temporarily improves symptoms
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Rate of local recurrence
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local recurrence s/p complete resection: may occur 10-20 yr after initial therapy , non-invasive (stage I) - 2%, invasive, no RT (stage II-III) - 30%, invasive, RT (stage II-III) - 5%
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5-yr survival
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overall 80%, I - 95%, II - 85%, III - 70%, IV - 50%
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5-yr survival based on resection
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total resection - 85%, subtotal resection - 65%, biopsy - 40%
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RT indications:
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(1) Masaoka stage II-III invasive thymoma regardless of completeness of resection, (2) definitive treatment for unresectable invasive thymoma, (3) pre-op +/- chemo
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RT dose
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54-60 Gy
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mediastinal germ cell tumor, __ % of all germ cell tumors and __ % of extragonadal germ cell tumors.
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2-5% of germ cell tumors, 50-70% of extragonadal germ cell tumors
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Mediastinal Germ cell tumors, ___ benign and ___ malignant
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benign (2/3) - mature teratoma - 60% and malignant (1/3) pure seminoma 15%, nonseminoma 25%
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