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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Transverse Thoracic Plane
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separates superior and inferior mediastinum
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Pericardium layers (superficial to deep)
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1. Fibrous pericardium
2. Serous pericardium -Parietal layer -Visceral layer (epicardium) |
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Pericardium innervation and blood supply
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Phrenic never (C3,4,5)
Pericardicophrenic vessels branches of internal thoracic |
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Apex of heart
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5th ICS
Doesn't move during contraction |
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Base
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Sup/Inf Vena Cava
Left atria Pulmonary veins |
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Diaphragmatic
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Right and Left Ventricles
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R/L Pulmonary
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R: right atria
L: Cardiac impression |
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Fibrous Skeleton
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Attachment for valves
Serves as electrical insulator Membranous portions of septa |
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Valve stenosis
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narrowing of valve
does not fully open |
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valve insufficiency
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does not fully close
backflow of blood |
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What valves are closed/opened during diastole?
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Tricuspid and Bicuspid opened
Semilunar valves are closed |
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What valves are closed/opened during systole?
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Tricuspid and Bicuspid closed
Semilunar valves are opened |
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Location of valve heart sounds
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Tricuspid: Left of sternum 5th ICS
Pulmonary: Left of sternum 2nd ICS Bicuspid: Left of sternum 5th ICS mid-clavicular line Aortic: Right of sternum 2nd ICS |
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Landmarks of Right Atria
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Right Auricle
Fossa Ovalis: allowed for bypass of pulmonary circuit in fetal circulation Pectinate muscle: rough area Crista terminalis: ridge of tissue separating pectinate from other tissue. Superior portion-->SA node Coronary sinus |
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Landmarks of Right Ventricle
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Papillary muscles
Chordae tendineae: attache papillary muscle to tricuspid valve trabecula carneae: rough tissue septomarginal trabecula: connects papillary muscle to septum. Aids in conduction of heart Conus arteriosis: smooth portion before pulmonary valve |
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Landmarks of Left Atria
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Left auricle
Fossa ovalis |
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Landmarks of Left Ventricle
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Anterior/Post Papillary muscles
Chordae tendineae trabeculae carneae |
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Aortic valve openings
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openings allow backflow of blood to perfuse the coronary arteries
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Right Coronary Artery branches
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SA nodal branch
Right marginal branch(small card v) Posterior interventricular branch (middle cardiac v) |
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Left Coronary Artery branches
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Circumflex branch
Anterior interventricluar branch(great cardiac v) |
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Venous return from coronary circuit
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anterior cardiac veins: dump directly into right atria
all others dump into coronary sinus which dumps into right atria |
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ECG which valves are open when
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QRS--> systole Tricuspid/bicuspid are closed
T--> diastole Pulm/aortic closed |
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Conduction pathway
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1. SA node
2. AV node 3. AV bundle (Bundle of HIS) 4. Bundle Branches |
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How does referred pain work
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Visceral afferents are carried along with somatic nerves from T1-T4 dermatomes. Brain reads visceral afferents are dematomal pain
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