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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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contraindications for mannitol (2)
2 toxicities |
CHF, anuria
pulmonary edema, dehydration |
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Acetazolamide mech, uses (3)
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carbonic anhydrase inhibitor (causes HCO3- diuresis, decreases HCO3- stores)
glaucoma urine alkalinization/ metabolic alkalosis altitude sickness |
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Acetazolamide toxicities (4)
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NH3 toxicity
acidosis neuropathy sulfa allergy (Acetazolamide Signals New Neuropathy) |
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what ions does Furosemide lose?
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Na, K, Cl, Ca (indirectly)
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Furosemide toxicities (6)
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OH DANG!
Ototoxicity Hypokalemia Dehydration Allergy (sulfa) Nephritis (interstitial) Gout |
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phenacetin can cause (2)
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renal papillary necrosis, metabolic acidosis
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ethyacrynic acid mech, uses (2)
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same as furosemide but not sulfonamide
can be used if sulfa allergy, hyperuricemia |
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HCTZ acts on what ions
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Na, Cl, decreases Ca excretion (opposite of furosemide effect on Ca)
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HCTZ side effects
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sulfa allergy, metabolic alkalosis, hyponatremia
hyper GLUC hyperglycemia hyperlipidemia hyperuricemia hypercalcemia |
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Spironolactone mech, uses, toxicities (2)
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competitive antagonist at aldosterone receptor
K+ sparing diuretic, hyperaldosteronism, CHF hyperkalemia anti-androgen effects |
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K+ sparing diuretics (not including spironolactone), mech, toxicities (2)
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triamterene, amiloride, eplerenone
block Na channels in CCT hyperkalemia, decreased blood pH |
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3 ways thiazides and loop diuretics can cause alkalosis
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1. Ang II increases Na/H+ exchange, increased HCO3 and contraction alkalosis
2. K+ loss in cells leads to cellular K+/H+ exhanger upregulation, more H+ into cells 3. in hypokalemia, H+ is exchanged for Na in CCT, resulting in "paradoxical aciduria" |
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Ace Inhibitor toxicities
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CAPTOPRIL
cough angioedema pregnancy taste changes hypOtension Postural hypotension Rash Increased renin Lower ang II hyperkalemia |
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2 contraindications for ACE inhibitors
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pregnancy
bilateral renal artery stenosis |
