Things To Study For Dental Materials

Front 1

Luting agent

Back 1

Called dental cement same as glueing two objects together

Front 2

Temporary restoration

Back 2

Gives pulp time to heal

Front 3

Polishing

Back 3

Use if rubber cup with abrasive material

Front 4

Physical properties

Back 4

Mass, energy, force, light, heat, electricity

Front 5

Mechanical properties

Back 5

Subgroup of physical, describes materials ability to resist forces. Dependent on amount size and shape.

Front 6

Chemical properties

Back 6

Setting reactions and degradation and decay.

Front 7

Biological materials

Back 7

Effect material has on living tissue

Front 8

Physical

Back 8

Density

Boiling and melting point

Vapor

Thermal conductivity

Heat capacity

Heat fusion and vaporization

Coefficient of thermal expansion

Electrical conductivity

Many more

Front 9

Density

Back 9

Amount or mass of a material in a volume. Depends on atoms present, packing of atoms, voids in material.

Metals high.

Front 10

Boiling and melting point

Back 10

Breaking of atomic bonds between atoms and thermal energy

Front 11

Vapor pressure

Back 11

Tendency to evaporate

Front 12

Heat of fusion

Back 12

Amount of energy required to melt a material

Front 13

Heat of vaporization

Back 13

Amount of energy required to boil a material.

Front 14

Percolation

Back 14

Coefficient of thermal expansion can result in micro leakage tooth sensitivity and recurrent decay

Front 15

High viscosity

Back 15

High contact angle and poor wetting

High contact angle forms bubbles.

Front 16

Low viscosity

Back 16

Low contact angle and good wetting

Front 17

Hardness

Back 17

Measured by a hard material to and indent in material.

Front 18

Hardness numbets

Back 18

Enamel 350

Dentin 70

Porcelain 400-500

Acrylic denture teeth 20

Front 19

Durometer test

Back 19

Used to test softer material how far will a steel ball sink

Front 20

Water sorption

Back 20

Weight gained by a test sample when immersed in water.

Front 21

Mechanical properties

Back 21

Elasticity

Strain

Stress

Others

Front 22

Force

Back 22

Weight or load applied

Front 23

Stress

Back 23

Force divided by area applied

Front 24

Elasticity

Back 24

As load increases so does elasticity

Front 25

Bending

Back 25

Is a combo of tension and compression.

Front 26

Strain

Back 26

The longer the object the more it must be stretched to have the same strain.

Front 27

Syneresis

Back 27

Shrinkage and education of water.

Front 28

Agar

Back 28

Sets by physical means

Front 29

Whiting is also called

Back 29

Carbonate

Front 30

Elastic deformation

Back 30

When stress is removed it returns to normal

Front 31

Plastic or permanent deformation

Back 31

Does not return to it's original shape.

Front 32

Materials change shape in

Back 32

3 directions even if pressure is only in one.

Front 33

Resilience

Back 33

Materials ability to absorb energy

Front 34

Toughness

Back 34

Energy absorbed up to fail point

Front 35

Fatigue

Back 35

Failure due to being stressed for a long time..

Front 36

Creep

Back 36

Small change over time

Front 37

Anterior dam is placed

Back 37

Canine to canine

Front 38

PFI

Back 38

Plastic filling instrument used to invert dam

Front 39

Sealants are held in place with

Back 39

Mechanical locks in the form of enamel tags. Created by acid application.

Front 40

Lingual pit on lingual surface of maxillary

Back 40

Can be at high risk for caries.

Front 41

Mandibular decay

Back 41

Often on the buccal surface of the mandibular first molar.in buccal pit.

Front 42

Came Spectra

Back 42

Uses fluorescent light to detect caries.

Front 43

Adhesion

Back 43

Force that causes unlike atoms to attach to each other

Tooth= adherence

Point of contact=interface.

Front 44

Cohesion

Back 44

Force that causes like atoms to attach to each other

Front 45

Mechanical bond

Back 45

Sealant to tooth

Front 46

Primary chem bond

Back 46

Sealant to prime and bond

Front 47

Flow

Back 47

Continuing deformation if substance under pressure

Front 48

Good wetting

Back 48

Best when contact angle is <90

Critical for adhesives and impression materials.

Front 49

Sealant products

Back 49

Delton FS flouride release 55%

Clinpro 3M filled sealant 38%

Ultraseal XT 58% requires primadry

All of these are flouridated

Front 50

Delton self cure

Back 50

Unfilled no flouride

Front 51

Etch for

Back 51

20 seconds rinse for 40

Front 52

Cure

Back 52

20 seconds.

Front 53

Everytime you apply sealant

Back 53

Flouride is applied after. It is complete.

Front 54

Light activated material

Back 54

Over cure isn't possible

You can undercure

White light can cause set.

Front 55

Secondary bonds

Back 55

Van der Waals forces

Partial charge form uneven distribution. Can be very weak or somewhat strong

Determines the interactions between of the polymer chain thus the properties of the polymer

Front 56

Permanent dipoles

Back 56

Electrons not shared equally. Permanent partial charge

Front 57

Hydrogen bond

Back 57

Special perminant dipole

Has only one electron.

Front 58

Fluctuating dipole

Back 58

Not permanent. Weak, occur with molecules of 2 of the same atom.

Intermittent and uneven.

Front 59

Ceramic

Back 59

Ionic bonds

Strong but brittle.can endure compression, weak and brittle when pulled or bentmv

Front 60

Polymers or plastics

Back 60

Soft, weak, flexible = plastics

Hardbatiff and strong= resin

React to heat

Cross linking creates long covalent bond chains. Adds strength and stiffness.

Front 61

Composites

Back 61

A team usually made up of polymer and ceramic

Front 62

Colloid

Back 62

Suspension of one liquid in another

Flouride foam, laminate and hydrocolloid impression. Material

Front 63

Emulsion

Back 63

Oil and vinegar

Front 64

Dental restorative material used to replace tooth structure must.

Back 64

Have the same characteristics as a sound tooth.

Front 65

Cleaning agent

Back 65

Non abrasive. Will not alter surface. Remov biofilm and stain with rubber cup

Front 66

Cutting

Back 66

Removal of material by shearing a somewhat smooth surface

Front 67

Tribology

Back 67

The science of interacting surfaces in motion.

Front 68

Two body abrasion

Back 68

Abrasive is fixed to foundation

Front 69

Three body abrasion

Back 69

When there is a cup filled with paste.

Front 70

Chalk.

Back 70

Whitening or calcium carbonate

Used to polish teeth and gold

Front 71

Pumice

Back 71

Silica, volcano glass

Polishes enamel , denture, most common is prophy paste

Front 72

Sand

Back 72

Quartz various colors, used to grind metal or plastic, bonded to paper.

Front 73

Cuttle

Back 73

Fine grade of quartz course medium or fine grit. Bonded to paper

Front 74

Cuttle

Back 74

Beige bonded to paper

Front 75

Garnet

Back 75

Dark red

Coated discs

Silicates of manganese, iron, cobalt and aluminum

Front 76

Emery

Back 76

Black aluminum oxide used on custom trays and acrylic appliances

Front 77

Silex

Back 77

Silica like material such as quartz, used as an abrasive mixed with liqued.

Front 78

Tin. Oxide

Back 78

Extremely fine, white powder, use paste or slurry.

Front 79

Aluminum oxide

Back 79

Replaces Emery for several uses.

Disk and strips

Rubber wheels and points

White stone

Front 80

Sodium bicarb

Back 80

Supra gingival when air polishing

Front 81

Glycine powder and erthritol

Back 81

Subgingival with air polisher fornperi patients

Front 82

Aluminum trihydroxide

Back 82

Is the alternative for sodium when air polishing.

Front 83

Angles for airpolish

Back 83

Anterior 60°

Posterior 90°

Occlusal 90°

Do not direct subgingival

Front 84

Airpolish tegnique

Back 84

Hand peice 4-5 mm away circular motion. Rinse after 2-3 teeth

Front 85

Implants

Back 85

Air polish with sodium bicarb

Front 86

Dentifrice abrasives

Back 86

Silica most common

Phosphates and carbonates.

Front 87

Phostphayes

Back 87

Make teeth look and feel whiter

Front 88

Silica

Back 88

Most frequently used

Can be translucent or opaque. Many sizes

Front 89

Die

Back 89

Replica of a single tooth

Front 90

Thermoset

Back 90

Chemical reaction

Front 91

Thermoplastic

Back 91

Physical change less stable the thermoset

Front 92

Aqueous elastomeric impression

Back 92

Alginate= Iriverible hydrocolloid

Agar=reversible hydrocolloid

Front 93

Non aqueous elastomeric impression materials

Back 93

Polysulfides

Condensation silicones

Polyethers

Additional silicone.

Front 94

Inelastic

Back 94

Plaster

Wax

ZoE

Front 95

Irreversible hydrocolloid

Back 95

Set via chemical reaction

Front 96

Reversible hydrocolloid

Back 96

Gel by physical change

Front 97

Imbibition

Back 97

When impression absorbs water.

Front 98

AGAR

Back 98

Reversible used if high accuracy is needed. Supplied in tubes and sticks requires special equipment

Front 99

Hysteresis

Back 99

Characteristic of melting and gelling at different temperatures

Front 100

Non aqueous elostomeric

Back 100

Used for dentures. Crowns and bridges. Long working time

Front 101

Alginate

Back 101

Must be fluffed

Filler silica

Mask is critical

Fast set 1-2 minutes

Regular set 3-4 minutes

Mix for 1 min.

Room temp or cool

Trim with wax to extent tray, protect tissue, and aid in retention.

Front 102

Wax bite

Back 102

Have patient close back teeth of 8t and then push it on to other teeth

Front 103

Calcination

Back 103

Term for process by which gypsum products are produced. A result of heating and driving off a part of water crystallization.

Front 104

3 types of gypsum

Back 104

Plaster

Stone

High strength stone.

Front 105

Plaster

Back 105

Crystal's are porous

Requires most water

Cheapest and weakest usually white.

Front 106

Stone

Back 106

More regular Crystal's

Less porous, stronger, harder more expensive and yellow

Front 107

High strength stone

Back 107

Least water

Highest strength

Most expensive

Front 108

The proper water/powder ratio

Back 108

Depends on the physical characteristics of the powder particles.

Front 109

Working time/initial set time

Back 109

Start ofnmix until semi-hard

Loss of gloss 5-7 minutes

Front 110

Final set time

Back 110

Start of mixing until rigid

One hour after start of mix.

Front 111

Retarder

Back 111

Borax

Front 112

Accelerator

Back 112

Potassium sulfate

Front 113

Don't store gypsum

Back 113

High humidity

Front 114

Gypsum strength is measured in

Back 114

Crushing or compressive strength.

Front 115

Dry strength

Back 115

2x as hard as wet strength occurs 24 hours later.

Front 116

Dry

Back 116

Overnight or at least 1-2 hours before fabricating somthing.

Front 117

Polymers without added fillers

Back 117

Are not suitable for restorations.

Front 118

BOWENS Resin

Back 118

A dentist who developed polymer composites

Front 119

Matrix

Back 119

Polymerizes by chem reaction

Weakest and least wear resistant of composites.

Front 120

Chemical activated

Back 120

Used 2 pastes mixed chairside

Front 121

Light activated

Back 121

One paste. Use micro brush to brush put excess before setting.

Front 122

Macrofilled

Back 122

70-80% by weight

Larger rough particles.

Front 123

Microfilled

Back 123

Smaller great for class 5 or 6

Front 124

Hybrid

Back 124

Most recent discovered in 80s

Range of sizes

Class 1,2,3 and 4 restoration

Front 125

Composite

Back 125

Most used hybrid

Translucency

Used in place of acrylic resin for temp.crown and dentures but it's more expensive

Front 126

Glass ionomer

Back 126

Chemical cure

Tooth colored

Release flouride

Popular for luting.

Poor wear resistance

Front 127

Compomer

Back 127

Glass ionomer and composite.

More like composite.

Not frequently used due to lack of flouride.

Front 128

Purpose if polishing restoration

Back 128

Smooth and uniform

Decrease recurrent caries

Promote tissue health

Increase longevity of restoration.

Front 129

Flash

Back 129

When filling is overfilled and you need to knock it down.