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56 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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When did the myth of Theseus originate?
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Some time after the Mycenaean Greeks invaded and conquered the Greeks (1450 BC)
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Around the time the Theseus myth originated Crete still had what kind of communities?
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Matriarchal
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One of the major matriarchal communities was _______, ruled by the priestess-queen and the sacred kind _____.
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Cnossus, Minos
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Minos left every 8 years to what?
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Converse with his father Zeus about ruling.
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What was the sacred symbol of Minos?
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The double axe
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Who was Theseus married to?
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Ariadne
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What did the marriage of Theseus to Ariadne symbolize?
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A political peace treaty.
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Theseus was a mixture of what?
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Greatness and human frailty.
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Theseus's _____ life was the highlight of his career, and his _____ life was marked by tragedy.
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Early, later
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The battle between the Mycenaean and the Minoans was represented by what battle in the myth of Theseus?
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The battle between Theseus and the Minotaur
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Zeus fell in love with who? Why?
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Zeus was shot in the heart by Eros with an arrow that made him fall madly in love with Europa.
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What did Zeus do about his love for Europa?
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He transformed into a yellow bull, and when she got on him, he ran off with her to Crete (Over the sea), married her and she adopted children Minos, Rhadamanthys, and Sarpedon with a mortal husband (King of Crete)
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Who was king of Crete after Asterius?
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Minos
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What request did Minos make of Poseidon/
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He asked him to confirm his regal identity by sending a bull from the sea and he would sacrifice it in return.
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Why was Poseidon angry with Minos? What did he do for revenge?
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Minos broke his word that he would sacrifice the bull and Poseidon made his wife Pasiphae fall in love with it.
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Who did the queen ask for help because she was in love with the bull? What did he do to help her? What happened because of it?
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Daedalus built a realistic looking cow for her to hide in, but she got pregnant and gave birth to a monster with a bull's head and a human's body (Minotaur)
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Who did the king ask for help? What did he do to help the king?
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Daedalus built a place where the Minotaur could be hidden and created the Labyrinth
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Who was the oldest son of Minos?
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Androgeus
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How was Androgeus killed? Name both ways.
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1. Killed by jealous athletes who competed against him.
2. Killed by the bull King Aegeus told him to kill. |
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What was the result of Androgeus's death?
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Minos sought revenge by waging war against the Athenians in Crete.
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How did Minos win the war with the Athenians?
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He prayed to Zeus, who brought plague, drought, and famine to them.
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What did the oracle tell the Athenians?
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They must satisfy Minos by taking whatever punishment he gave.
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What was Minos's one condition for peace?
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Once every 9 years, the Athenians had to send 7 maidens and 7 men for the Minotaur to eat.
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Who was the king of Athens? Who was his brother? How many children did each have?
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Aegeus - 0 sons
Pallas - 50 sons |
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What did Aegeus ask the oracle? What was the answer?
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When he would have a son
"Do not open your mouth of your wineskin until you return home to Athens." |
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What did the oracle's answer mean?
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Do not get drunk or get anyone pregnant until he returned to Athens.
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What was King Pittheus's plan?
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He got Aegeus drunk and encouraged him to sleep with his daughter Aethra.
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Who were the parents of Theseus?
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Poseidon and Aethra
or Aegeus and Aethra |
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What were the orders given to Theseus's mother?
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To raise him without telling him who his father was and when he was strong enough he was to retrieve sandals and a sword hidden under a rock and go to his father.
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Why did Theseus decide to take the land route to Athens?
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To prove that he was worthy of being a hero and to make the travel route safe by ridding it of criminals
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Who was Periphetes and how did Theseus defeat him?
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He beat people to death with his club - Theseus stole the club and killed him with it
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Who was Sinis and how did Theseus defeat him?
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He would tie people to 2 trees and let the trees go - same way
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Who was the Sow of Crommyon Phaea and how was it defeated?
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A monster named after th woman who fed it, he killed it
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Who was Sceiron and how was it defeated?
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He made travelers wash his feet but instead kicked them off a cliff to the sea/tortoise - flipped him over his head over the cliff
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Who was Kind Cercyon and how was he defeated?
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He forced people to wrestle and then would kill them - Theseus lifted him over his head and slammed him into the ground
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Who was Damastes and how was he defeated?
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He stretched people out to the size of the bed he offered or cut off their limbs to make them fit - Theseus stretched him to the size of the bed
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Who was living with Aegeus and why was she afraid of him?
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Medea - afraid he would take the throne
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How did they plan to kill Theseus? Did it work?
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Poisoning his wine, no - recognized as his son, Aegeus spilled the cup
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What does Theseus volunteer to do?
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Kill the Bull of marathon and be sacrificed with 14 others
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What was the signal if he succeeded?
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A white sail
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What do Minos and Theseus do to prove they are sons of gods?
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Theseus - retrieve ring from depths of the ocean
Minos - asked Zeus to blaze his lightning |
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Who falls in love with Theseus? What does she offer and under what condition?
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Ariadne, to help him kill the minotaur if he promised to take her to Athens as his wife
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Who does Ariadne go to for help?
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Daedalus
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What is Ariadne's plan to help Theseus escape?
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Unwind a ball of string as he went
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What are the two version of Ariadne's fate?
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1. Theseus left her
2. She hanged herself |
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What mistake does Theseus make on his way back to Athens? What happens?
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He forgets to put the white sail up and his father Aegeus kills himself.
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What does Theseus do as the new king of Athens?
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He refused sole power and divided it
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Who did Theseus abduct from the Amazons? Who was their son?
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Antiope - Hippolytos
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Who did Theseus marry next? What problem did she have with Hippolytus?
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Phaedra - fell in love with him (Step son)
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What did she do as a result of the rejection from her step son?
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She writes a note to Theseus saying Huppolytus raped her and she hung herself
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How was Hippolytus killed?
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Stomped to death by Seeble
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Who was Theseus's eternal friend? What two daughters of Zeus did they plan to marry?
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Peirithous - Helen and Persephone
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What happened with Helen? Persephone?
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Helen - Left to be raised with theseus's mother, rescued by brothers but Polydeuces invaded athens and burned down the Attica with the Spartan Army
Persephone - They went down to the underworld to capture her but bound to chair of forgetfullness, Hercules rescued Theseus |
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How was Theseus killed?
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Killed by Lycomeded by pushing him off a cliff because he was jealous of Theseus's reputation
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How is theseus remembered?
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By heroism and glory
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How does Theseus fit into the heroic pattern?
Birth Destiny Quest Journey home Reward Romantic elements |
Birth: Divine father Poseidon, royal father Aegeus, Princess mother Aethra
Destiny: Fated to be great - life entertwined with Gods Quest: Dangerous adventure to kill criminals, killed Minotaur and half Pallas's sons Journey home: Forgot white sail Reward - became king Romantic elements - many love interests (Aridne, Helen, Antiope) |
